1. Information Technology
Chapter 1
Information Technology

2. Agenda Information system (IS) Information technology (IT)
Business today
IT trends

3. IS
IS collects, processes, stores, analyzes, and disseminates information for a specific purpose
IS contains
Input
Process
Output
Feedback
Environment
Formal or informal IS

4. IS Components
Hardware
Software
Database
Network
Procedures
People

5. IS Computer-Based Information System (CBIS)
IS uses compute technology to perform some or all of its intended tasks

6. Agenda Information system (IS) Information technology (IT)
Business today
IT trends

7. IT Technological side or subsystem of an IS IT contains Hardware
Database
Software
Network
Other devices

8. Agenda Information system (IS) Information technology (IT)
Business today
IT trends

9. Business Today Pressures Responses Business Technological Societal
Strategic systems
Continuous improvement efforts
Business process reengineering (BPR)
Business alliances
Electronic commerce

10. Business Pressure Market Changing workforce Powerful customer
Global economy
Strong competition
Changing workforce
Powerful customer

11. Technological Pressure
Innovation
Obsolescence
Information overload

12. Societal Pressure Social responsibility Regulation & deregulation
Shrinking budget & subsidies
Ethical issue
Privacy

13. Strategic System Response
Strategic information systems
Innovation
Competitive advantage

14. Continuous Improvement Efforts
Productivity
Cost
Output
Just-in-time
Total quality management (TQM)
Data & information monitoring

15. Continuous Improvement Efforts
Timely & accurate decision making
Managing information and knowledge effectively
Innovation and creativity
Change management
Customer service

16. BPR Cycle time and time to market
Decentralization & collaborative work
Customer-focused approach
Restructuring and team-based structure
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) and supply chain management

17. Business Alliances
Joint ventures
Virtual corporation

18. Electronic Commerce Types Purpose Intranet Extranet Internet
Increase productivity
Decrease cost

19. Agenda Information system (IS) Information technology (IT)
Business today
IT trends

20. IT Trends Hardware Software Data Telecommunications
Ubiquitous computing
End-users

21. Hardware Trends Mainframe to microcomputer to network computer
Size
Speed
Memory
Costs
Client/server architecture
Centralized to decentralized resource control
Departmental purchases

22. Software Trends Large to small system development
Rapid development (6-month window)
Reusable code (packages)
Outsourcing
3GL to 4GL to 5GL to ???
Intelligent agent

23. Data Trends Mainframe to PC Keystroke/optical scanning/voice
Multimedia
voice/animation/video
digitizing
Data warehousing
Data mining

24. Telecommunication Trends
Network enterprise
Internet
Intranet
Extranet
E-commerce

25. Ubiquitous Computing Integrated home computing Smart card
TV turns down sound when you answer phone
VCR pauses when microwave popcorn ready
Car is tuned remotely
Smart card

26. Ubiquitous Computing Technology Palm pilot Bar code scanner
Wireless phone
Internet search engine

27. End-user Trends More knowledgeable users More opportunities for
More demanding of IT
More opportunities for
Misuse of IT resources
Mischief
Computer crime
IT people as communicators

28. Eight Critical Technology Trends
Harry Dent, The Roaring 2000s, (Simon & Schuster, 1998)
1. Vast computer power
2. Portable and home PCs
3. Computer in simple and inexpensive
appliances
4. Microprocessor-embedded home
appliances linked to Internet

29. Eight Critical Technology Trends
5. Online consumers
6. Expansion of communication bandwidths
7. Object-oriented programming
8. Computer literacy

30. Points to Remember Information system (IS) Information technology (IT)
Business today
IT trends

31. Issues
The usage in business
The downside of such usage
Your opinions

32. Discussion Questions
What are the components of an information system in your organization?
What are the pressure to use IS or IT in your organization?
How does your organization utilize IS or IT to ease the pressure?
What are the downside of the utilization of IS or IT in your organization?

33. Assignment Review technology guides 1-2, & chapter 1 Read chapter 2
Group Assignment
Research paper