1. Bacterial Physiology (Micr430) Lecture 1 Overview of Bacterial Physiology (Text Chapters: 1 and 2)

2. Bacterial Physiology Study of how bacteria function including such processes as nutrition, growth, reproduction and locomotion

3. CELL STRUCTURE The typical bacterial cell (most knowledge is from studies of Escherichia coli)

5. CELL STRUCTURE The Cell Surface: the interface between bacterial cell and its external environment. It consists of: Cell Wall Membranes Capsules Organs of Locomotion Pili or Fimbriae

6. Cell surfaces of Gram - and Gram + bacteria

7. Cell membrane Cell, 2006

8. The glycocalyx: layers of matrix outside cell wall.

9. Capsule of Streptococcus pneumoniae

10. Flagella and fimbriae

11. CELL STRUCTURE The Cytoplasm: the space within the cellular membranes. It consists of: Ribosomes: protein synthesis Soluble (invisible) proteins: metabolism Nucleoid: site of genetic material - DNA

12. SYNTHESIS OF DNA, RNA AND PROTEIN  DNA  replication

13. SYNTHESIS OF DNA, RNA AND PROTEIN  Transcription & translation

14. Metabolic and Genetic Regulation

15. MICROBIAL GENETICS Definitions to review: Gene: a heritable unit of function composed of a specific sequence of purine and pyrimidine bases, which in turn determines sequence of the corresponding RNA and proteins. Genotype: sum total of all of the hereditary units of genes. Phenotype: the observed expression of the genetic determinants.

16. MICROBIAL GENETICS Define following terms: Alleles. Mutagenesis. Wild-type. Spontaneous mutations.

17. CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS Chemical composition of cell 55% protein 3.1% DNA 16.7 rRNA 3% tRNA 0.8% mRNA 9.1% lipids E. coli cell can make a perfect copy of itself in 40 min in minimal glucose media

18. Major pathways of carbohydrate metabolism

19. Biosynthetic pathways leading to the amino acids and others

20. CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS Energy Substrate-level phosphorylation: ATP production during carbohydrate catabolism Oxidative phosphorylation: ATP production using energy conserved in electrical and chemical gradient (PMF) across cell membrane PMF: Proton motive force is formed during electron transport through a series of electron carriers on the membrane

22. Nitrogen Assimilation

23. ENDOSPORES

24. GROWTH CURVE