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Chapter 2 – The Sea Floor. The World’s Oceans Southern Ocean.

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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 2 – The Sea Floor. The World’s Oceans Southern Ocean."— Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter 2 – The Sea Floor

2 The World’s Oceans

3 Southern Ocean

4

5 Crust

6 Continental Drift

7 Alfred Wegener (1880-1930)

8 Continental Drift Matching Geologic Formations

9 Continental Drift

10 Plate Tectonics and Continental Drift

11 Mid-Ocean Ridges Worldwide

12 Mid-Atlantic Ridge

13 Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Iceland

14

15 Lithospheric Plates

16 Plates in contact

17 Volcanic and earthquake activity

18 When Continents Collide The Himalayan Mountains formed as the Indian plate collided with the Asian plate India China

19 San Andreas Fault

20 Alfred Wegener (1880-1930)

21 Continental Drift -- History

22

23

24

25

26 Illustration from Wegener’s 1912 book proposing Continental Drift

27 Ocean Sediments

28 Sediment core samples from ocean floor

29 Mineral (non-living sources) sediments Ocean Sediments Amazon River Mouth

30 Calcareous ooze Ocean Sediments Biogenous (from living sources) sediments (ooze)

31 Foraminiferans Calcareous ooze components

32 Coccolithophorids Calcareous ooze components

33 Radiolarian tests Silaceous ooze components

34 Diatom tests Silaceous ooze components

35 Microfossils – data on oceanic temperatures

36 Fossil Foraminiferans Ocean Sediments

37 Geologic Provinces of the Ocean

38 Continental Shelf

39 Submarine Canyon off Monterrey

40 Geologic Provinces of the Ocean

41 Shelf Break off New Jersey

42 Geologic Provinces of the Ocean

43 Oregon Coast (from the west – looking east) Continental Slope

44 Geologic Provinces of the Ocean

45

46

47 Abyssal Plain off New Jersey (4000-6000 m)

48 Deep Ocean Basins

49 Hot Spots and Island Formation

50 Mid-ocean ridge

51

52 Black Smoker off Galapagos Islands

53 Anatomy of a Black Smoker

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