1. Preparing for Disasters – an Environmental Perspective Nicole Kosinski Walden University MPH Student

2. Objectives  Gain a clear understanding of the different types of disasters  Learn the importance of having an emergency preparedness plan  Learn what supplies you may need in the event of a disaster  Learn ways to make your environment safe  Provide you with tools

3. Why Do Emergencies Happen? Natural disasters Natural disasters Accidents Accidents Deliberate acts of vandalism or terrorism Deliberate acts of vandalism or terrorism O’Sullivan, F., et. al. (2006). Environmental Health Disaster Preparedness Model Planning Guide. Retrieved October 2, 2009 from http://74.125.113.132/search?q=cache:A_IEGTQJnM0J:www.ccdeh.com/products/EHDisasterPlanningGuide06.pdf+disaster+preparedness +and+environmental+health&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us. http://74.125.113.132/search?q=cache:A_IEGTQJnM0J:www.ccdeh.com/products/EHDisasterPlanningGuide06.pdf+disaster+preparedness +and+environmental+health&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us

4. Examples of Disasters Terrorist attacks Terrorist attacks Fires Fires Arson Arson Explosions Explosions Bombings Bombings Plane/Train Crashes Plane/Train Crashes Aviation/Rail Terrorism Aviation/Rail Terrorism Floods Floods Sabotage Sabotage Chemical Spills/Releases Chemical Spills/Releases Chemical Warfare Chemical Warfare Radiological Accidents Radiological Accidents “Dirty Bombs” “Dirty Bombs” Nuclear Accidents Nuclear Accidents Nuclear Terrorism Nuclear Terrorism Epidemics Epidemics Biological Accidents Biological Accidents Biological Terrorism Biological Terrorism Tornado Tornado Volcano eruption Volcano eruption Earthquake Earthquake Landslide Landslide O’Sullivan, F., et. al. (2006). Environmental Health Disaster Preparedness Model Planning Guide. Retrieved October 2, 2009 from http://74.125.113.132/search?q=cache:A_IEGTQJnM0J:www.ccdeh.com/products/EHDisasterPlanningGuide06.pdf+disaster+preparedness+and+ environmental+health&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us. http://74.125.113.132/search?q=cache:A_IEGTQJnM0J:www.ccdeh.com/products/EHDisasterPlanningGuide06.pdf+disaster+preparedness+and+ environmental+health&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us

5. Prepared? Do you have enough water for you and you family for the possibility of not having access to any for more than 3 days? Do you have enough water for you and you family for the possibility of not having access to any for more than 3 days? How about enough food and supplies? How about enough food and supplies? Do you know how to protect your environment during disaster? Do you know how to protect your environment during disaster?

6. 3 Day Supply Water Water Food Food Battery-powered radio Battery-powered radio Flashlight-extra batteries Flashlight-extra batteries First aid kit First aid kit Blankets Blankets Trash bags Trash bags Map Map Can opener Can opener Special items for infants, elderly, sick, or people with disabilities Special items for infants, elderly, sick, or people with disabilities The Department of Homeland Security. (2009). 30 Tips for Emergency Preparedness. Retrieved October 5 from http://www.dhs.gov/xcitizens/editorial_0711.shtm. http://www.dhs.gov/xcitizens/editorial_0711.shtm

7. Your Environment Water Water Food Food Sewage Sewage

8. Water Safety Water Safety Strain it Boil it Chlorinate it Distill it CDC. (2009) Preparedness for all hazards. Retrieved October 5, 2009 from http://www.bt.cdc.gov/. http://www.bt.cdc.gov/

9. Safe Uses of Water Containers Wash containers with dishwashing soap and rinse with water. Wash containers with dishwashing soap and rinse with water. Sanitize by swishing a solution of 1 teaspoon of liquid household chlorine bleach to a quart of water on all interior surfaces of the container. Sanitize by swishing a solution of 1 teaspoon of liquid household chlorine bleach to a quart of water on all interior surfaces of the container. Rinse thoroughly with clean water before use. Rinse thoroughly with clean water before use. CDC. (2009) Preparedness for all hazards. Retrieved October 5, 2009 from http://www.bt.cdc.gov/. http://www.bt.cdc.gov/

10. Food Safety Refrigerated perishable foods will spoil quickly. Refrigerated perishable foods will spoil quickly. If they become warm, do not use! Bacteria grow without refrigeration. If they become warm, do not use! Bacteria grow without refrigeration. Do not use damaged canned foods Do not use damaged canned foods The Clara County Department of Environmental Health. Emergency Food Supply. Retrieved October 7, 2009 from http://www.ehinfo.org/SCC/docs/Environmental%20Health,%20Department%20of%20(DEP)/attachments/224986emerfoodsupp.pdf. http://www.ehinfo.org/SCC/docs/Environmental%20Health,%20Department%20of%20(DEP)/attachments/224986emerfoodsupp.pdf

11. How and Where to Store Food Keep food in a dry, cool spot—out of the sun, if possible. Keep food in a dry, cool spot—out of the sun, if possible. Wrap perishable foods, such as cookies and crackers, in plastic bags and keep them in sealed containers. Wrap perishable foods, such as cookies and crackers, in plastic bags and keep them in sealed containers. Empty opened packages of sugar, dried fruits and nuts into screw-top jars or airtight cans to keep them fresh and unspoiled. Empty opened packages of sugar, dried fruits and nuts into screw-top jars or airtight cans to keep them fresh and unspoiled. CDC. (2009) Preparedness for all hazards. Retrieved October 5, 2009 from http://www.bt.cdc.gov/. http://www.bt.cdc.gov/

12. Helpful Hints for Food Safety Observe proper temperature controls- hot food above 140 degrees and cold 45 degrees and below Observe proper temperature controls- hot food above 140 degrees and cold 45 degrees and below Keep hand contact to a minimum when preparing food Keep hand contact to a minimum when preparing food If possible use single serving utensils If possible use single serving utensils Be sure to wash with safe water and sanitize after Be sure to wash with safe water and sanitize after The Clara County Department of Environmental Health. Emergency Food Supply. Retrieved October 7, 2009 from http://www.ehinfo.org/SCC/docs/Environmental%20Health,%20Department%20of%20(DEP)/attachments/224986emerfoodsupp.pdf. http://www.ehinfo.org/SCC/docs/Environmental%20Health,%20Department%20of%20(DEP)/attachments/224986emerfoodsupp.pdf

13. Sewage Disposal What if I can’t flush my toilet, what should I use?  Large double-bagged trash bags can be used as liners in toilets, household disinfectant can help with the odor  A trench can be dug 2 to 3 feet deep to dispose of human waste. Spread a thin line of powdered bleach and dirt after each disposal.  Portable toilets can be used The Clara County Department of Environmental Health. Sewage Disposal in an Emergency. Retrieved October 7, 2009 from http://www.ehinfo.org/SCC/docs/Environmental%20Health,%20Department%20of%20(DEP)/attachments/224986emerfoodsupp.pdf. http://www.ehinfo.org/SCC/docs/Environmental%20Health,%20Department%20of%20(DEP)/attachments/224986emerfoodsupp.pdf

14. Understand Quarantine and Isolation Isolation applies to persons who are known to be ill with a contagious disease. Isolation applies to persons who are known to be ill with a contagious disease. Quarantine applies to those who have been exposed to a contagious disease but who may or may not become ill. Quarantine applies to those who have been exposed to a contagious disease but who may or may not become ill. CDC. (2009) Preparedness for all hazards. Retrieved October 5, 2009 from http://www.bt.cdc.gov/. http://www.bt.cdc.gov/

15. Categories of Diseases Infectious disease: a disease caused by a microorganism and therefore potentially infinitely transferable to new individuals. Infectious disease: a disease caused by a microorganism and therefore potentially infinitely transferable to new individuals. Communicable disease: an infectious disease that is contagious and which can be transmitted from one source to another by infectious bacteria or viral organisms. Communicable disease: an infectious disease that is contagious and which can be transmitted from one source to another by infectious bacteria or viral organisms. Contagious disease: a very communicable disease capable of spreading rapidly from one person to another by contact or close proximity. Contagious disease: a very communicable disease capable of spreading rapidly from one person to another by contact or close proximity. CDC. (2009) Preparedness for all hazards. Retrieved October 5, 2009 from http://www.bt.cdc.gov/. http://www.bt.cdc.gov/

16. Complete this Checklist Post emergency telephone numbers Post emergency telephone numbers Teach children how and when to call 911 Determine the best escape routes from your home. Find two ways out of each room. Teach children how and when to call 911 Determine the best escape routes from your home. Find two ways out of each room. Find the safe spots in your home for each type of disaster. Find the safe spots in your home for each type of disaster. Show each family member how and when to turn off the water, gas, and electricity at the main switches. Show each family member how and when to turn off the water, gas, and electricity at the main switches. CDC. (2009) Preparedness for all hazards. Retrieved October 5, 2009 from http://www.bt.cdc.gov/. http://www.bt.cdc.gov/

17. Summary Make a plan for you and your family Make a plan for you and your family Put together a supplies list Put together a supplies list Stay updated on current information Stay updated on current information BE RESILIENT!!!!! BE RESILIENT!!!!! CDC. (2009) Preparedness for all hazards. Retrieved October 5, 2009 from http://www.bt.cdc.gov/. http://www.bt.cdc.gov/

18. For More Information Call or Visit the Following Websites for: Your local American Red Cross chapter Your local American Red Cross chapter Your local American Red Cross chapter Your local American Red Cross chapter Your state and local health departments Your state and local health departments Your state and local health departments Your state and local health departments Your local emergency management agency Your local emergency management agency Your local emergency management agency Your local emergency management agency CDC Public Response Hotline English 1-888-246-2675 Spanish 1-888-246-2857 TTY 1-866-874-2646) CDC Public Response Hotline English 1-888-246-2675 Spanish 1-888-246-2857 TTY 1-866-874-2646)

19. References CDC. (2009) Preparedness for all hazards. Retrieved October 5, 2009 from http://www.bt.cdc.gov/. http://www.bt.cdc.gov/ O’Sullivan, F. (2006). Environmental Health Disaster Preparedness Model Planning Guide. Retrieved October 2, 2009 from http://74.125.113.132/search?q=cache:A_IEGTQJnM0J:www.ccdeh.com/prod ucts/EHDisasterPlanningGuide06.pdf+disaster+preparedness+and+environm ental+health&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us http://74.125.113.132/search?q=cache:A_IEGTQJnM0J:www.ccdeh.com/prod ucts/EHDisasterPlanningGuide06.pdf+disaster+preparedness+and+environm ental+health&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us http://74.125.113.132/search?q=cache:A_IEGTQJnM0J:www.ccdeh.com/prod ucts/EHDisasterPlanningGuide06.pdf+disaster+preparedness+and+environm ental+health&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us The Clara County Department of Environmental Health. Emergency Food Supply. Retrieved October 7, 2009 from http://www.ehinfo.org/SCC/docs/Environmental%20Health,%20Department %20of%20(DEP)/attachments/224986emerfoodsupp.pdf. http://www.ehinfo.org/SCC/docs/Environmental%20Health,%20Department %20of%20(DEP)/attachments/224986emerfoodsupp.pdf http://www.ehinfo.org/SCC/docs/Environmental%20Health,%20Department %20of%20(DEP)/attachments/224986emerfoodsupp.pdf The Department of Homeland Security. (2009). 30 Tips for Emergency Preparedness. Retrieved October 5 from http://www.dhs.gov/xcitizens/editorial_0711.shtm. http://www.dhs.gov/xcitizens/editorial_0711.shtm