1. The Internet, The Web, and Electronic Commerce
Chapter 2
The Internet, The Web, and Electronic Commerce

2. Competencies (1 of 2) Discuss the origins of the Internet and the Web
Describe how to access the Web using providers and browsers
Discuss Internet communications, including , instant messaging, and social networking
At the end of this chapter you should be able to:
1 Discuss the origins of the Internet and the Web.
2 Describe how to access the Web using providers and browsers.
3 Discuss Internet communications, including , instant messaging,
and social networking.
4 Describe search tools, including search engines and metasearch engines.
5 Discuss electronic commerce, including B2C, C2C, B2B, and security
issues.
6 Describe these Web utilities: Web-based application, FTP, plug-ins, and
Filters.
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

3. 2-3
Competencies (2 of 2)
Describe search tools, including search engines and metasearch engines
Discuss electronic commerce, including B2C, C2C, B2B, and security
Describe Web utilities: Web-based applications, FTP, plug-ins, and filters
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

4. 2-4
Introduction
The Internet is often referred to as the Information Superhighway because it connects millions of people across the globe.
Unlike a typical highway, the Internet moves idea and information.
The Web provides an easy-to-use, intuitive interface to connect to the Internet and is used by millions of people every day.
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

5. The Internet and the Web
2-5
The Internet and the Web
Large network that connects smaller networks globally
The Internet was Launched in 1969
National computer network
US funded project called ARPANET
World Wide Web or WWW was intro- duced in 1991 at CERN
Most developed network system currently in use; connects people all over the world
Originally started in 1969 when US funded a research project (ARPANET—Advanced Research Project Agency Network)
CERN – Center for European Nuclear Research
World Wide Web (Web) is a part of the Internet – not the Internet; introduced in 1992 by consortium in Switzerland.
Originally started as research and text-based network to exchange research ideas from university to university
Developed into a network of networks
One of the most powerful tools of the 21st century
Internet & Web further clarified
Internet is the actual physical network comprised of wires, cables (Key Term), & satellites
Being connected to the network is often referred to as being online (Key Term)
The Web is a multimedia interface to resources available on the internet
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

6. Common Internet Uses Communicating Online shopping Searching
Exchange
Discussion Groups
Online shopping
Searching
Virtual Libraries
Entertainment
Education or e-learning
Most common Internet applications
Communicating - sending and discussion group participation
You can chat live with others
Ask students what chat software they use
Shopping – fastest-growing applications
Searching - using virtual libraries
Entertainment – music downloads; integration of TV and PC
Education or e-learning (Key Term)
You can take classes on almost any subject (Key Term)
Replace with new Figure 2-18.
Replace with new Figure 2-23.
New screen capture.
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

7. Internet Access Providers
Common way to access the Internet
Commercial Internet Service Providers (ISP)
National Service Providers
Regional Service Provider
Wireless service providers
The common way to access the Internet is through a provider or host computer
Providers - already connected to the Internet -- furnish a pathway for other users
Typical providers include:
Colleges and universities – usually “free”
Internet service providers (ISP) (Key Term)can be local (regional) or national
Ask students to identify various ISPs used in their environment
Types of providers
National – like AOL
Regional – smaller service area
Wireless
No telephone lines used
Provide connection through wireless modems (Key Term)
Client-server network is comprised of users that are connected to a ISP via a variety of connecting technologies (dial-up (Key Term), telephone connections, wireless modems, DSLs (Key Term), etc…)
The users computer is the client that requests services from the provider’s computer or server
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

8. Browsers Programs that provide access to Web resources
Allow you to surf the Internet
Three well-known browsers
Mozilla Firefox
Netscape Communications
Microsoft Internet Explorer
Address or location of the resource must be specified
URL
Browsers allow you to search or surf (Key Term) the Web
Navigate, search for information and communicate using the Web
Use URL (uniform resource locator) (Key Term) to connect to other resources
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

9. URLs Uniform Resource Locators Locates Web sites
All URLs have at least two parts
Protocol
Domain name
Locates Web sites
Two parts to URL:
protocol (Key Term), rules for exchanging data between computers (usually
domain name (Key Term) also known as a top-level domain (Key Term) or server where the resource is located (
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

10. More on Browsers Browsers interpret HTML commands
Hypertext Markup Language
Contained in a document
Display document as a Web page
Browser is software that allows users to navigate the Web and read the multimedia formatted pages
Connect to Web sites using URL addresses (uniform resource locator)
Document is sent to computer usually coded in HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) (Key Term) or some variation
Interprets the HTML codes displaying page
May contain
Hyperlinks (Key Term) -- allow users to quickly connect to other pages or Web sites
Graphics
Text
Web server– the computer that stores and shares graphics, test, audio & video clip files
Web pages contain links (Key Term) to programs called applets (Key Term)
These are special programs written in a programming language called Java (Key Term)
These programs can be quickly downloaded and run by most browsers
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

11. Communication Most popular Internet activity Types of communication
2-11
Communication
Most popular Internet activity
Types of communication
Electronic Mail ( )
Address
Spam
Instant Messaging
Social Networking
Communication is the most popular Internet activity
Types of communications:
(Key Term)
Instant Messaging (Key Term)
Social Networking (Key Term)
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

12. E-Mail Transmission of electronic messages over the Internet
Basic parts
Header
Address
Subject
Attachment
Message
Signature Line
or electronic mail (Key Term)
Transmission of electronic messages over the Internet
Has three basic parts: header (Key Term), message (Key Term), and signature line (Key Term)
Header (Key Term)
Address (Key Term)
Subject (Key Term) – very important to include this in a message
Attachments (Key Term)
Return
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

13. E-Mail Address Example
2-13
Address Example
Internet uses the domain name system (DNS), which gives names and numbers to people and computers
Address (Key Term) has two parts
User name - identifies unique user or computer in the domain
Domain name (Key Term) - references a specific organization
Top-level domain code identification includes geographical location or organizational identification
.com = commercial
.edu = education and research
.org = organizations (usually non-profit)
.net = major network centers (usually easier to access than commercial)
.gov = government
Return
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

14. Spam Junk and/or unwanted Email
2-14
Spam
Junk and/or unwanted
Computer viruses or destructive programs are often attached to unsolicited
CAN-SPAM Act
Spam blockers incorporate a myriad of approached to identify and control spam
Spam blockers are also referred to as:
Junk mail filters
Anti-spam programs
Spam (Key Term) – unsolicited
Distraction, Nuisance
Computer viruses (Key Term) can also be attached to spam
Spam blockers (Key Term) use a variety of different approaches to identify and eliminate spam
CAN-SPAM Act requires that every marketing related provide an opt-out option
Tips to blocking spam:
Choose a complex address
Keep a low profile
Don’t ever respond to spam
Use ez-mail filter options
Use anti-spam
Return
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

15. 2-15
Instant Messaging
Is an extension of that provides direct, live communication between two or more people
Instant messaging programs also include:
Video conferencing features
File sharing
Remote assistance
Most widely used instant messaging services:
AOL’s Instant Messenger
Microsoft’s MSN Messenger
Yahoo Messenger
Instant Messaging (Key Term)
Extension of that allows two or more people to contact each other via direct, live communication
To use instant message, specify list of friends (Key Term) and register with an instant messaging server
Some services include video and file-sharing
Different services do not always play well together. Universal instant messenger (Key Word) programs are being developed (i.e. Gaim, Odigo, Trilogy), to overcome this limitation.
Direct students to p. 35 for table on Spam Blocker(s)
Return
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

16. Social Networking One of the fastest growing uses of the Internet
2-16
Social Networking
One of the fastest growing uses of the Internet
Three basic categories:
Reunite
Friend of a friend
Common interest
Social Networking (Key Term)
One of the fastest growing uses of the Internet
Connecting individuals to one another
Three basic categories
Reunite – member databases used for finding long lost friends (Classmates Online and Facebook)
Friend of a friend – connecting friends of friends via profile information (Friendster and MySpace)
Common interest – connecting those with common interests or hobbies
Consider carefully the information you are disclosing when joining social networking sites.
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

17. Search Tools Search engines Metasearch engines
2-17
Search Tools
Search engines
Metasearch engines
Specialized search engines
Tips
Start with the right approach
Be as precise as possible
Use multiple words
Use Boolean operators
Check your spelling
Keep moving
Specialized programs that assist you in locating information on the Web and the Internet
Search services (Key Term) help you locate information; they maintain the database that helps you get where you want
Special programs called spiders (Key Term) continually look for information and updated services
Search engines (Key Term) – assist you to locate information
Use keyword search (Key Term); know “rules” i.e. use + or quotes to look for phrases rather than individual words
Use directory search (Key Term) – list of categories or topics; also known as index search (Key Term)
Examples
AOL
Ask Jeeves
Google
MSN Search
Yahoo!
Metasearch engines (Key Term) – programs that automatically submit your search request to several search engines simultaneously
Specialized search engines (Key Term) - Programs that focus on subject specific Web sites
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

18. Search Engines Specialized programs to assist in locating information
Types of searches
Keyword search
Directory search
Keyword search (Key Term) – enter a keyword or a phrase reflecting the information you want
Returns a number of hits (Key Term)
Each hit includes a hyperlink
Directory search (Key Term)
Known as an index search
Select a category or topic that fits the information you want
Note: a recent study by the NEC Research Institute found that any one search engine includes only a fraction of the informational sources on the Web. Therefore, it is good to use more than one search engine when researching important topics.
Return
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

19. Metasearch Engines Return 2-19
Programs that automatically submit your search request to several engines simultaneously
The engine receives the results, eliminates duplicates, orders hits, and then provides the edited list to you
Return
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

20. Specialized Search Engines
2-20
Specialized Search Engines
Programs that focus on subject specific Web sites
Specialized sites can potentially save you time by narrowing your search
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

21. Content Evaluation Not all information on the web is accurate
Ways to evaluate accuracy of Web information include:
Authority
Accuracy
Objectivity
Currency
Anyone can publish to the web
Not all Web information has been subjected to peer review or submission guidelines
Ways to evaluate accuracy of Web information:
Authority – Is author an expert in the subject area? Is the site an official site for the information presented, or, is it an individual person’s Web site?
Accuracy – Is the information subject to critical review prior to posting? Does the site provide a means to report errors to the author?
Objectivity – Is the information factual, or does the author have a bias?
Currency – Is the information current? Is there a “published on” date or “updated on” date indicated?
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

22. Electronic Commerce Also known as e-commerce
2-22
Electronic Commerce
Also known as e-commerce
Buying and selling of goods over the Internet
Business-to-consumer (B2C)
Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)
Web auctions
Business-to-business (B2B)
Electronic commerce is buying and selling over the Internet
Three basic types of electronic commerce: business to consumer; consumer to consumer; and business to business
B2C (Key Term)
Involves the sale of a product or service to the general public or end users
C2C (Key Term)
Involves individuals selling to individuals
B2B (Key Term)
Involves the sale of a product or service from one business to another
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

23. 2-23
Business to Business
Involves the sale of a product or service from one business to another (B2B)
Primarily a manufacturer supplier relationship
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24. Business to Consumer Fastest growing type of e-commerce
2-24
Business to Consumer
Fastest growing type of e-commerce
Three most widely used B2C applications:
Online banking
Financial trading
Shopping
B2C is fastest growing type of e-commerce
Three types
Online banking (Key Term)
Becoming a standard feature of banking institutions
Customers use standard browser to perform many banking operations
Financial trading
Online stock trading allows investors to research, buy, and sell stocks and bonds over the Internet
Shopping
Buying and selling of consumer goods via the Internet
Sites exist that provide support for consumers looking to compare products and locate bargains
Return
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

25. Consumer to Consumer Web Auctions
2-25
Consumer to Consumer Web Auctions
Consumer-to-consumer e-commerce (C2C)
Similar to traditional auctions
Types
Auction house sites
Person-to-person auction sites
Recent trend in C2C e-commerce is Web auctions (Key Term); similar to traditional auctions – no one sees each other
Auction house sites (Key Term) – merchandise presented for auction
Person-person auction sites (Key Term) – more like flea markets; forum for buyers and sellers to gather Similar to Web traditional auctions
Buyers and sellers seldom meet face-to-face
Ask the students if they have ever used E-bay
Example auction sites include Amazon, Bidz, eBay, Sotheby’s, and Yahoo!
Return
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

26. Security Payment methods must be fast, reliable, and secure
2-26
Security
Payment methods must be fast, reliable, and secure
Three basic options
Checks
Credit card
Digital cash
A challenge is the payment for goods
Should be reliable, secure, and fast
Electronic payment -- easy, secure payment method
Checks -- slowest and least convenient
Credit cards -- easier to work with, somewhat vulnerable to theft
Criminals known as carders (Key Term) specialize in stealing, trading, and using stolen credit cards over the internet
Digital cash (Key Term)
Purchased from third party (usually a special bank); more secure than credit cards
Providers include Ecash, Google, Internet Cash, and PayPal
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

27. 2-27
Web Utilities
Specialized utility programs that make using the internet & web safer and easier
Web-based applications
FTP
Plug-Ins
Filters
Internet Security Suites
Web-based applications (Key Term) are offered by Web-based services (Key Term) (often free) that provide Internet access to programs with capabilities similar to Microsoft Word, Excel, and PowerPoint.
FTP transfers files; file transfer protocol (Key Term); Internet service for file transfer
Downloading (Key Term) - transmitting files to your computer
Uploading (Key Term) - transmitting files from your computer to another computer
Plug-ins (Key Term) -- automatically loaded by and work with your browser; Acrobat Reader; Cosmos from Silicon Graphics (3-d displays); Media Player; QuickTime from Apple; RealPlayer; and Shockwave from Macromedia
Filters (Key Term) – block access to specified sites; set time limits
Internet Security Suites (Key Term) – collection of utility programs designed to maintain your security and privacy while you are on the Web
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

28. 2-28
Plug-Ins
Return
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29. 2-29
Filters
Return
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

30. Internet Security Suites
Collection of utility programs designed to maintain your security and privacy while on the web
McAfee
Norton
Internet Security Suites (Key Term) control…
Spam (Key Term)
Protect against computer viruses (Key Term)
Provide Filters (Key Term)
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

31. Careers In IT - Webmasters
Develop & maintain websites
Back-up of the company website, updating resources, and development of new resources
Work with the marketing department to increase the site traffic flow
Webmasters (Key Term) can expect to earn a salary of $48,000 to $73,000
Position is relatively new in many corporations and tends to have fluid responsibilities
Experience in this field could lead to managerial opportunities
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

32. A Look to the Future Homes of Tomorrow
2-32
A Look to the Future Homes of Tomorrow
“Smart” appliances in homes will have their own Web page
Refrigerators will be able to manage their inventory and automatically order to re-supply
Internet cameras, wireless techno- logies, & high-speed internet will allow you to virtually monitor your home while on travel
Downsides?
Downsides example: Infiltration of Internet viruses and spyware may enable your every move at home to be broadcast over the Internet
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

33. Discussion Questions (Page 1 of 2)
2-33
Discussion Questions (Page 1 of 2)
Discuss the uses of the Internet. Which activities have you participated in? Which one do you think is the most popular?
Explain the differences between the three types of providers.
What are the basic elements of an message?
Have students turn to the end of Chapter 2 in their textbooks to view the same “Open-Ended” questions/statements
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

34. Discussion Questions (Page 2 of 2)
2-34
Discussion Questions (Page 2 of 2)
What is social networking? Describe the three types of social networking sites.
Describe the different types of search engines. Give an example of the type of search each engine is best for.
Have students turn to the end of Chapter 2 in their textbooks to view the same “Open-Ended” questions/statements
Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.