1. Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 196
Miocene Hominoids
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 196

2. Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 103

3. Miocene
Hominoids

4. General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans
3. True apes that brachiated probably
originated in the Early Miocene
ca. 20 – 17 mya

5. General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans
“Only after the evolution of arboreal suspension would the modern meaning of the term ape have been applicable.”
Campbell-Loy, p. 195

6. “Times to Remember” WebPage

7. Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 196

8. General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans
flourished in the
later part of the Miocene
ca. 15 – 5 mya

9. Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 103

10. General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans
Well represented in the fossil record by such forms as:
Sivapithecus . . .
Ramapithecus
Kenyapithecus
Ouranopithecus
Dryopithecus
Proconsul
Oreopithecus
Gigantopithecus

11. General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans
Rudapithecus
Pasalar
Nyanzapithecus
Afropithecus
Turkanopithecus
Rangwapithecus
and others

12. Miocene hominoid distribution, from fossils thus far discovered
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 197

13. Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 196

15. Proconsul africanus (from early Miocene)
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 197

16. Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 185

17. Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 188

18. Proconsul

19. Proconsul

22. Proconsul

23. Proconsul

24. Prehistoric Hominoidea
Miocene hominoids:
Proconsul
(Miocene “dental ape”)
Oreopithecus

25. Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 185

26. Early Man, Time-Life (1973), p. 42

27. Oreopithecus (Miocene Ape)
Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 187

28. Prehistoric Hominoidea
Miocene hominoids:
Proconsul
(Miocene “dental ape”)
Oreopithecus
Pliopithecus

29. Early Man, Time-Life (1973), p. 41

30. Primates des Faluns de Touraine

31. Prehistoric Hominoidea
Miocene hominoids:
Proconsul
(Miocene “dental ape”)
Oreopithecus
Pliopithecus
Dryopithecus

32. Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 196

33. Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 185

34. Early Man, Time-Life (1973), p. 42

35. Prehistoric Primates
“Dryopithecus – Y”
“Y – 5”

36. “Y-5” and “+-4” patterns

37. “Y-5” patterns

40. Prehistoric Hominoidea
Miocene hominoids:
Proconsul
(Miocene “dental ape”)
Oreopithecus
Pliopithecus
Dryopithecus
Sivapithecus

41. Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 196

42. Prehistoric Primates Species Genus Sivapithecus Ramapithecus
Kenyapithecus
Ouranopithecus

43. “Times to Remember” WebPage

44. Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 185

45. Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 198
Modern chimpanzee Sivapithecus Orangutan
ca. 8 mya
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 198

46. Sivapithecus

48. Sivapithecus

49. Prehistoric Primates
Species
Genus
Sivapithecus
ramapithecus

50. Early Man, Time-Life (1973), p. 42

51. Ramapithecines

52. Prehistoric Cultures Diet classifications: insectivorous (insects)
herbivorous (plants)
frugivorous (fruits)
graminivorous (grasses)
carnivorous (chiefly meats)
omnivorous (all of the above)

53. Prehistoric Hominoidea
Miocene hominoids:
Proconsul
(Miocene “dental ape”)
Oreopithecus
Pliopithecus
Dryopithecus
Sivapithecus
Gigantopithecus

54. Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 185

55. Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 188

58. Pongids: ”The Great Apes”
Next: The Great Apes
Pongids: ”The Great Apes”
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123