2. Feto-Maternal Communication in Broiler Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) Presentation of a MSc Thesis By: Albin Gräns

3. Background Needs of the parents vs. needs of the fetuses Feto-maternal communication would have an adaptive value. Possible means of communication are sounds, movements and chemical signals. Introduction – Material & Methods – Results & Discussion - Conclusion

4. Aims How is the fetus affected by decreasing temperatures? Do fetuses behaviourally respond to decreasing temperatures? Introduction – Material & Methods – Results & Discussion - Conclusion

5. 18dIP EP Five Temperature intervals x 30 min 40°C 30 °C Introduction Introduction – Material & Methods – Results & Discussion - Conclusion

6. Physiological variables indicating well-being Oxygen consumption (VO 2 ) Ventilation frequency Groups of communication variables Fetal vocalizations Fetal movements Introduction Introduction – Material & Methods – Results & Discussion - Conclusion

7. Oxygen consumption Conforming response T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 Introduction– Material & Methods– Introduction – Material & Methods – Results & Discussion - Conclusion

8. T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 Introduction– Material & Methods– Introduction – Material & Methods – Results & Discussion - Conclusion

9. (ml min -1 ºC -1 ) 18dIPEP Temperature sensitivity Introduction– Material & Methods– Introduction – Material & Methods – Results & Discussion - Conclusion

10. + + + +- - - Vocalizations Movements Ventilation freq. T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 - Introduction– Material & Methods– Introduction – Material & Methods – Results & Discussion - Conclusion 35-36°C Maximum peak trend

11. Introduction– Material & Methods– Introduction – Material & Methods – Results & Discussion - Conclusion PZT LLOD ULT Opt 0 Embryonic Development (26.0°C) (36.0°C)(40.5°C) (Lundy 1969) For Chickens:

12.  VO 2 decreased linearly with decreasing temperatures.  Fetal vocalization was not correlated with temperature variations.  Fetal movements peaked at 35-36°C and can be important for communication purposes. Conclusion Introduction– Material & Methods– Results & Discussion Introduction – Material & Methods – Results & Discussion - Conclusion

13. Acknowledgement: My supervisor Jordi Altimiras for all the help, guidance and critical reading of the manuscript Kläckeribolaget in Väderstad for supplying me with eggs. Thank you for your attention!