1. Segmentation

2. Methods Region Growing Split and Merge Clustering

3. Region Growing

5. Split and Merge Assume that all pixels within regions I 1, I 2 and I 3 respectively are similar but those in I 4 are not. Therefore I 4 is split.

6. Split and Merge After comparing the split regions, regions I 43 and I 44 are found to be identical. These are thus merged together.

7. Clustering using K-means There are K clusters, C 1 … C k with means m 1 … m k. Least-square error Minimize D.

8. Pseudo code for k-means

9. Clustering using K-means

10. Example

13. K-means

14. EM

16. Expectation

18. Maximization