1. Final Exam Review
PUB/POS 140
May 6, 2008

2. Definitions of Public Policy
Birkland pg. 18

3. Anecdotal & Empirical Evidence

4. Historical Eras of Policy
Divided Power
State Activism
National Activism
National Standards
The End of Big Government ?
Historical Eras of Policy
Divided Power
State Activism
National Activism
National Standards
The End of Big Government – 1980-?
The future? That’s why we’re studying this subject!

5. Elements of American Stability
Birkland pg. 38

6. Fragmentation Horizontal – Separation of Powers Vertical – Federalism
Balance of Power – Birkland Table 2.3, pg45

7. Market vs. Polis
Stone Chapter 1
Concepts of Society pg. 33

8. Official Actors and Their Roles
Legislative Branch - Congress
Executive Branch - President
Judicial Branch - Courts
Administrative Agencies

9. Unofficial Actors and Their Roles
Individual Citizens
Interest Groups
Political Parties
Think Tanks
Communications Media

10. Subgovernments Iron Triangles – Figure 4.2
Policy Networks – Birkland pg. 100
Focusing Events / Social Movements – pg101

11. Goals of Public Policy Stone Part II Equity Security Liberty
Efficiency
Security
Liberty

12. Defining Problems
Stone Part III
Symbols
Numbers
Causes

13. Agenda Setting Birkland Chapter 5 Figure 5.1 Levels of the Agenda
Power
Indicators, Focusing Events, and Agenda Change
Conditions and Problems
Table 5.1 Types of Causal Theories with Examples

14. Policies & Solutions
Stone Part IV
Inducements
Rules
Rights

15. Policy Types and Policy Change
Birkland Chapter 6

16. Lowi’s Policy Typology as updated by Ripley and Franklin
Distributive
Protective Regulatory
Competitive Regulatory
Redistributive

17. Wilson’s Cost/Benefit Typology Source: Derived from James Q
Wilson’s Cost/Benefit Typology Source: Derived from James Q. Wilson, Organizations and Public Policy. (New York: Basic Books, Chapter 16)
Interest Group Politics
Entrepreneurial Politics
Client Oriented Politics
Majoritarian Politics

18. Elements of Policy Design: Birkland Chapter 7
Goals
Causal Model
Targets
Tools of the policy
Implementation

19. Target Populations Ingram and Schneider Typology Advantaged Groups
Contender Groups
Dependent Groups
Deviant Groups

20. Tools of Government: (Salamon 2002)
Dimensions
Visibility
Automaticity
Coercion
Directness
Criteria
Effectiveness
Efficiency
Equity
Manageability
Political Feasibility

21. Tools of Government source: Lester Salamon
Direct Government
Economic Regulation
Social Regulation
Government Insurance
Public Information
Corrective Taxes, Charges and Trading Permits
Contracting Out
Grants
Loans / Loan Guarantees
Tax Expenditures
Vouchers
Tort Liability

22. Implementation & Policy Failure
Political Commitment
Administrative Capacity
Bottom-up Implementation
Top-down Implementation
Conflict/Ambiguity Model
Administrative Implementation
Political Implementation
Symbolic Implementation
Experimental Implementation

23. Steps for a Policy Analysis (adapted from Bardach’s “Eight-Step Path of Policy Analysis”)
Define the Problem
Assemble Some Evidence
Construct the Alternatives
Select the Criteria
Project the Outcomes
Confront the Tradeoffs
Decide
Tell Your Story

24. PUB/POS 140 Final Exam When? Where? What should you bring?
Tuesday, May 13th
10:30am – 12:30am
Arrive approximately 15 minutes early – so we can hand out materials and begin the exam can promptly at 10:30!!
Where?
Our Lecture Center
LC 7
What should you bring?
Two #2 pencils
An eraser
Your Student ID#

25. A message from your TAs and your instructor
Good Luck!!!
A message from your TAs and your instructor