1. EXAM I: Review: Nervous System Chapter 8

2. Nervous System and Homeostasis What are the four “elements” for homeostasis? How does the nervous system fit into that model of homeostasis?

3. Divisions of the Nervous System: CNS: Brain and Spinal Cord Peripheral Nervous System Afferent: Ascending: Sensory Nerves Efferent: Somatic Autonomic PSNS SNS

4. Nervous System Divisions:Efferent Systems

5. Nervous System Cells: Neurons: Soma, Axon, Dendrites Neuroglia: Astrocytes Oligodendrocytes/Schwann Cells Ependymal Cells

6. Resting Membrane Potential Resting potential: -70 mV Distribution of K+ and Na+ ions Ion Channels: Relative permeability to Na+ and K+ Na+/K+ Pump

7. Action Potential: Depolarization: Threshold definition Voltage gated Na+ channels Ion flux Repolarization Na+ and K+ Channels Relative Refractory Period

8. Myelination and Saltatory Conduction of Action Potential Node of Ranvier Purpose of Saltatory Conduction

9. Synaptic Nerve Transmission Diagram Nerve Synapse What is the fate of neurotransmitters? Why is that important?

10. Brain Parts/Functions Cerebrum Cerebellum Diencephalon Brainstem

11. Spinal Cord/Functions Diagram spinal cord cross- section Gray matter: Dorsal, Ventral and lateral HORNS White Matter: Nerve Tracts (pathways) Ascending and Descending Names: spinothalamic

12. Peripheral NERVES Cranial: 12 Spinal: 31 Dorsal Root (ganglion) Ventral Root

13. Autonomic Nervous System Sympathetic: Anatomy Function Role in Homeostasis during ACUTE EMERGENCIES Parasympathetic Anatomy Function

14. Exercise Applications: SNS “Rescue” PSNS training response Motor Pathways Somatosensory contribution to Motor control Motor Nerves and Muscle Fiber Types

15. Exam: 10 Matching Label Diagrams (2) 10 Multiple Choice Short Answer: 5 Basic: Cell types, homeostasis, membrane potential, action potential, synaptic transmission 3 Challenge: Nerve transmission speed, cerebellar function, exercise application