1. ETHICS AND RESEARCH SHARON BESSELL RESEARCH METHODS POGO 8196 sharon.bessell@anu.edu.au

2. Ethics ‘ clearance ’ versus ethical practice Ethical practice, which includes developing an ethics protocol and seeking feedback and approval Getting Ethics Clearance 

3. For more information: http://www.anu.edu.au/ro/ORI/Human/human_index.php The ANU Research Office Information and advice on the ethics approval process Human Research Ethics Committee Considers ethics protocols First time users of ARIES must attend a one hour training course – held every Tuesday

4. Principles of Ethical Research embodied in the National Statement Research merit and integrity Justice Beneficence Respect

5. Principles of Ethical Research embodied in the National Statement These ethical guidelines are not simply a set of rules. Their application should not be mechanical. It always requires, from each individual, deliberation on the values and principles, exercise of judgement, and an appreciation of context.

6. RESEARCH DESIGN DATA COLLECTION ANALYSIS WRITING UP

7. RESEARCH DESIGN WHAT DO WE WANT TO KNOW? WHO WILL THE PARTICIPANTS BE? HOW WILL WE ASK? RECRUITMENT CONSENT RESEARCH QUESTION(S)! METHODS

8. RESEARCH DESIGN WHAT ARE THE POTENTIAL BENEFITS AND RISKS OF THE RESEARCH? BIG PICTURE BENEFITS AND RISKS BENEFITS AND RISKS TO US (THE RESERACHER) BENEFITS AND RISKS TO PARTICIPANTS

9. WHAT RISKS MIGHT BE ASSOCIATED WITH YOUR RESEARCH? HOW MIGHT YOU MINIMISE THEM?

10. DATA COLLECTION TREATING PEOPLE WITH DIGNITY RESEARCH OBJECTS RESEARCH SUBJECTS PARTICIPANTS RESEARCH OBJECTS RESEARCH SUBJECTS

11. “I WILL OBTAIN CONSENT” “I WILL SEEK INFORMED CONSENT”

12. INFORMED CONSENT Does the participant understand? Informed dissent NO Research aims Research topics Research methods and processes What the data will be used for That it is possible to withdraw from the research at any time Source: Judith Ennew, Knowing Children, http://www.knowingchildren.org/

13. CHILDREN AND INFORMED CONSENT Do not use other adults to get informed consent from children Ask me, not my father Source: Judith Ennew, Knowing Children, http://www.knowingchildren.org/ ‘Seek’ not ‘get’

14. WHEN MIGHT WRITTEN CONSENT BE UNETHICAL? WHAT WOULD YOU NEED TO DO TO GET CONSENT IF WRITTEN CONSENT IS UNETHICAL?

15. CATEGORIES OF PERSONAL INFORMATION IDENTIFIED Individuals can be identified (ie: through, name, organisation, address) POTENTIALLY IDENTIFIABLE Identifiers are removed and replaced by a code – but people can be re-identified DE-IDENTIFIED Individuals cannot be identified (ie: anonymous surveys; identifiers are permanently removed)

16. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CONFIDENTIALITY AND ANONYMITY? WHEN CAN YOU OFFER ANONYMITY? WHEN CAN YOU OFFER CONFIDENTIALITY?

17. ARE MY METHODS APPROPRIATE? WILL MY METHODS MAKE PARTICIPANTS UNCOMFORTABLE? DO MY METHODS MINIMISE THE POSSIBLITY OF RISK OR HARM TO PARTICIPANTS?

18. RIGOUR OBJECTIVITY, AVOIDING BIAS ACCURACY

19. WRITING UP REMEMBER WHAT YOU TOLD ME? Source: Judith Ennew, Knowing Children, http://www.knowingchildren.org/