1. Mr. Cesaire Martin Van Buren High School
Unit 4 Chapter 2 Minerals
Mr. Cesaire
Martin Van Buren High School

2. Aim: What is a mineral?
Do Now: Open to page 96 of the Earth Science TEXT book and define mineral and write down the characteristics of a mineral in your notes:
HW: Read pages 47 to 51. Answer questions 1-8 on page 52. WRITE OUT ALL QUESTIONS!
We will have a weekly quiz based on reading assignments in UPCO. Quiz will be based on pages 47 to 51.

3. Minerals What is a mineral?
Defined as a naturally occurring inorganic solid substance.
Where do we find minerals in our environment?
Minerals are commonly found in rocks, soils, and sand.

4. Minerals Where else in our homes do we find minerals? Watches Clocks
Pencils
Glassware

5. Read page 97 of your text and write down the ways minerals are formed in your notes.

6. Mineral Formation How do minerals form?
Minerals are formed by crystallization:
1. Cooling and solidification of magma.
2. From water- evaporation, chemical reactions and temperature changes
3. Minerals subject to change due to heat and pressure.

7. Common Minerals
The back of our reference tables contains information for common rock forming minerals.
What are some information do the reference tables tell us about minerals?

8. Describe the physical and visual properties of Biotite.

9. Potassium Feldspar
Describe the properties of Potassium Feldspar.

10. Halite
Describe the properties of halite.

11. Aim: How are minerals identified?
Do now: Use the reference tables and answer the following set of questions.
HW: .
Quiz on Wednesday. The characteristics of a mineral and the ways to identify them

12. Mineral Identification
How do we identify minerals?
Minerals are identified by their physical and chemical properties.
Experienced geologists can easily identify and classify minerals out in the field. They have achieved this ability through careful observations of the minerals physical properties.

17. Open up to page 104 of your text book and glance through pages 104 to 107 and list and write a short sentence on the ways minerals are identified in your notes.

18. Mineral Identification
Geologists use the following to help identify minerals:
1. Color- the apparent color of the mineral
2. Luster- Luster refers to how light reflects off the surface of a mineral
3. Streak- The streak refers to the powder left by the mineral when applied to a hard surface.
4. Hardness- The hardness of a mineral is referred as the resistance to being scratched.
5. Cleavage- Cleavage refers to how minerals break along parallel planes.
6. Specific gravity
7. Chemical Tests

19. Color
Color: When observing a mineral, the first thing that we notice is its color. The color may give us clues to what type of mineral we are looking at.
However you can not go on color alone
Let’s look at two examples: Quartz and Calcite

20. Color Notice how quartz is similar in color.
Some minerals may have the same color, so we use other characteristics.

21. Color Quartz can appear in three colors: Rose, Clear, Smokey

22. Luster Galena-Metallic Sulfur- Nonmetallic
Galena-Metallic

23. Streak Notice the streak or powder left by galena
Each mineral has a distinctive streak.

24. Cleavage http://www.sci.ccny.cuny.edu/~kblock/minerals/calcite.jpg

25. Cleavage
Potassium Feldspar