1. Seminars Last F John Antos Protein Engineering of Sortases and transacylase reactions

3. Figure 17-24 Reaction mechanism of lactate dehydrogenase. Page 603

4. Figure 17-25The two reactions of alcoholic fermentation. Page 604

5. Figure 17-26Thiamine pyrophosphate. Page 604

19. Figure 23-3aBiotin and carboxybiotinyl– enzyme. (a) Biotin consists of an imidazoline ring that is cis-fused to a tetrahydrothiophene ring bearing a valerate side chain.Biotin Raw eggs contain avidin—a protein with very high affinity for biotin Bacteria (Streptomyces) make avidin analogs like streptavidin—where did we see this recently??? http://www.rpi.edu/dept/bcbp/molbiochem/MBWeb/mb1/part2/chime/biotin/btn-index.html

23. Pentose Phosphate Pathway!

24. Cells’ second energy currency: NADPH! NADPH is required for reductive biosynthesis –F–FA’s –S–Steroids –P–Photosynthesis –E–Etc. NADPH is generated by oxidation of G6P –P–Pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) = hexose monophosphate shunt= phosphogluconate pathway –3–3 G6P + 6 NADP + + 3 H 2 O →6 NADPH + 6 H + + 3 CO 2 + 2 F6P = GA3P Pathway divided into 3 phases –O–Oxidative Reactions Produces Ribulose-5-P –I–Isomerization/Epimerization Reactions Produces Ribose-5-P and Xyulose-5-P –T–Transaldolase and Transketolase Reactions 3 Ru5P ↔r5P + 2 Xu5P Most cells maintain their [NAD + ]/[NADPH] near 1000!!!

33. Page 863 Figure 23-25The pentose phosphate pathway.

43. FIGURE 14-27 Role of NADPH in regulating the partitioning of glucose 6- phosphate between glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway. When NADPH is forming faster than it is being used for biosynthesis and glutathione reduction (see Figure 14- 20), [NADPH] rises and inhibits the first enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway. As a result, more glucose 6-phosphate is available for glycolysis.

44. PPP Song

45. Lyrics http://books.google.com/books?id=oq9EN yL_d9YC&lpg=PP1&pg=PA1#v=onepage &q&f=false

48. LEHNINGER PRINCIPLES OF BIOCHEMISTRY Fifth Edition David L. Nelson and Michael M. Cox © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company CHAPTER 15 Principles of Metabolic Regulation

61. “Alfonse, Biochemistry makes my head hurt!!” \