1. Lecture 3

2. Review (What is Class and Object ?) The world of JAVA contains objects The world of JAVA

3. Review (What is Class and Object ?) Objects are generated from The world of JAVA classes

4. Class Car Review (What is Class and Object ?) … HondaFord TOYOTA

5. Today Let’s write a method in the class Turtle –We are going to write our own methods –So far, we just used methods written by other programmers (e.g. forward(), turnLeft(), etc)

6. Writing Java program Application (or Software) is written in programming language –Java application is constructed by Java programs written in Java programming language –Generally, when we say that “writing java program”, it means that “writing classes” –i.e. we are writing blueprints for applications

7. Attributes and Methods Class will contain –a set of attributes and methods Attribute –State of object generated from the class E.g. name, color, size, etc … Methods –Behavior of object generated from the class E.g. moveTo(int x, int y), turnLeft(), etc …

8. Class Car HondaFord TOYOTA Example (Attributes and Methods) … Attribute color, size, name, etc Methods move, turn, stop, etc

9. Java Source Code (source file) public class SimpleTurtle { ///// Field (Attributes) ///// … /////// Method /////// … } Each class is programmed in source file named ClassName. java For example, SimpleTurtle.java

10. How to run the program? How do computers understand source codes written in Java programming language ? Basically, there are 3 steps 1.Edit source code 2.Compile source code 3.Execute the compiled code Repeat!

11. Compile Once we write source codes (i.e..java file), we have to translate it to the codes which computers can understand –The process of translation is called “compile” Java compiler performs this task The compiled code is called java Bytecode Source code (.java) Bytecode (.class) Java Compiler

12. Execute (Run) In order to execute bytecodes –bytecode compiler will translate the codes into machine codes (sequences of 0 and 1) Finally, computers understand what we write in Java programming language –i.e. computers understand what we want Bytecode (.class) Bytecode Compiler Machine Code

13. Level of programming language Java source code –Human readable language –High-level programming language Java bytecode –Human readable notation of machine code Machine code –Binary string (0 and 1) x = x + y.data x:.word 0x42 y:.word 0x43.text start: set x, %r1 ld [%r1], %r2 ! $x$ --> %r2 set y, %r1 ld [%r1], %r3 ! $y$ --> %r3 add %r2, %r3, %r2 ! $x+y$ --> %r2 set x, %r1 st %r2, [%r1] ! $x+y$ --> x end: ta 0 10110000 01100001 00110011 10011100 01001011 10101001 11100100 00011111 11000010 10011001 11111100 10011010 10101010 00101010 00110100 11010010 10000010 10101010 01010110 00100101 (omit…) Example

14. Source code Java compiler Java bytecode Java interpreter Bytecode complier Machine code.java file.class file Execute! Summary * We can test (in Interaction panel)

15. Practice –Let’s write our own method!!!

16. Edit source code - Open Turtle.java We gonna write Methods Here!!! After this line

17. Write a method, named drawOne ////////// method ////////// public void drawOne() { }

18. Write a method, named drawOne ////////// method ////////// public void drawOne() { forward(100); turn(225); forward(40); }

19. Save source code –Save Turtle.java Note: File name should be the same as Class name Extension of the file is.java

20. Compile it –Right click on the source file Success?

21. Let’s Test the compiled code –In an interaction panel, create a turtle in the world, then try to call the method drawOne()

22. Challenge!!! Write a method for Turtle –The method name is drawSquare –The method draws the one square with size 50