1. The NAE Grand Challenges: Why They Matter Charles M. Vest President, National Academy of Engineering Summit on the NAE Grand Challenges Chicago, April 21, 2009

2. Who we are

3. What we do

4. 20th Century Achievement

5. Policy Agenda 20th Century Achievement Education Research Best & Brightest Innovation

6. Policy Agenda 20th Century Achievement 21st Century Challenge Education Research Best & Brightest Innovation

7. INSPIRE CHALLENGE EDUCATE

8. Grand Challenges Committee Bill Perry, chair Sir Alec Broers Farouk El-Baz Wes Harris Bernadine Healy Daniel Hillis Calestous Juma Dean Kamen Ray Kurzweil Bob Langer Jaime Lerner Bindu Lohani Jane Lubchenco Mario Molina Larry Page Rob Socolow Craig Venter Jackie Ying

10. Make Solar Energy Economical Manage the Nitrogen Cycle Advance Healthcare Informatics Prevent Nuclear Terror Advance Personalized Learning Provide Energy From Fusion Provide Access to Clean Water Engineer Better Medicines Secure Cyberspace Engineer the Tools of Scientific Discovery Develop Carbon Sequestration Methods Restore and Improve Urban Infrastructure Reverse Engineer the Brain Enhance Virtual Reality Engineering Grand Challenges

11. Energy Environment Global Warming Sustainability Improve Medicine and Healthcare Delivery Reducing Vulnerability to Human and Natural Threats Expand and Enhance Human Capability And Joy Engineering Grand Challenges www.engineeringchallenges.org

12. INSPIRE CHALLENGE EDUCATE

13. INSPIRE CHALLENGE EDUCATE WHY?

14. U.S. Prosperity Global Survival Exciting Futures BECAUSE

15. U.S. Prosperity The World is Changing

16. Global R&D Investments Data for 2002 Source: Science and Engineering Indicators, NSF 2008 R&D Expenditures and Share of World Total 1/3

20. New Players Where the Expertise is Source: Competitiveness Index 2007, Council on Competitiveness, Washington, DC

21. First Engineering Degrees (China Rises) Source: NSF Science and Engineering Indicators 2010 China Japan US

22. First Engineering Degrees (China Rises) Source: NSF Science and Engineering Indicators 2010 China Japan US

24. World’s Largest Solar Powered Office Building, Dezhau, China

26. Worldwide shipments of Solar Photovoltaics – in Megawatts U.S. Photovoltaics Source: ARPA-E, 2010 U.S.

27. How do we compare with the Rest of the World? Source: NSF Science and Engineering Indicators 2010

28. How do we compare with the Rest of the World? Source: NSF Science and Engineering Indicators 2010 A Problem

29. source: V. Wadhwa, Issues in Science and Technology, 2009 Immigrants have founded many Of our S&E Based Companies

30. Global Survival The Challenges are Profound.

31. World Population Estimates

33. Energy Environment Global Warming Sustainability Improve Medicine and Healthcare Delivery

34. Global HealthClean Water Urban Sustainability Carbon, Energy, and Climate Energy Environment Global Warming Sustainability Improve Medicine and Healthcare Delivery

35. Exciting Futures For Our Children

36. Exciting Futures Through Education and Innovation

37. This is the most exciting era in Engineering and Science in Human History.

39. Creating the Tools of Scientific Discovery

41. Frontiers of Engineering and Technology Macro Systems Energy Environment Health Care Manufacturing Communications Logistics … Nano Bio Info Tiny Systems Smaller Faster More Complex Larger More Complex Societal Relevance

42. Macro Systems Energy Environment Health Care Manufacturing Communications Logistics … Nano Bio Info Social Science Natural Science Tiny Systems Essential New Intersections

43. Essential New Intersections call for New Educations.

44. 1.Research experience 2.Interdisciplinary Curriculum Engineering+ 3.Entrepreneurship 4.Global Dimension 5.Service Learning NAE Grand Challenge Scholars Programs

45. Duke Olin College USC ASU La. Tech. Established

46. NAE Grand Challenge Scholars Programs Vanderbilt Florida Inst. of Tech. So. Illinois James Madison Louisiana Tech. Case Western Reserve Stanford Tufts Old Dominion NC State Naval PG School Saint Louis Univ. Carnegie Mellon Kansas State Tennessee State Georgia Tech MIT Tuskegee Wichita State WPI IIT Iowa UCLA Lafayette College Cal Poly Univ. Maryland Univ. Tennessee North Carolina A&T Univ. of Toronto Columbia Duke Olin College USC ASU La. Tech. Developing Established

47. INNOVATION & ACTION Meeting the Grand Challenges Students Universities MediaIndustryGovernment

48. 21st century Innovation

49. Life Sciences and Information Technology A new Enabling Technology? Macro Systems especially Energy Future of Venture Capital? Disruptive Technologies For Grand Challenges Globalization of R&D Education Workforce 21st century Innovation

50. Evolution of current Innovation System Virtual Communities Discovery Innovation Institutes New Universities New Educational Organizations Inducement Prizes 21st century Innovation

51. Meeting Grand Challenges requires:

52. Vision Meeting Grand Challenges requires:

53. Vision Science

54. Meeting Grand Challenges requires: Vision Science Imagination

55. Meeting Grand Challenges requires: Vision Science Imagination Boldness

56. Meeting Grand Challenges requires: Vision Science Imagination Boldness Priorities

57. Meeting Grand Challenges requires: Vision Science Imagination Boldness Priorities Policy

58. Meeting Grand Challenges requires: Vision Science Imagination Boldness Priorities Policy Markets

59. Meeting Grand Challenges requires: Vision Science Imagination Boldness Priorities Policy Markets Perseverance

60. Meeting Grand Challenges requires: Vision Science Imagination Boldness Priorities Policy Markets Perseverance And …

61. ENGINEERING

62. Energy Flows in the U.S. Economy, 2007 Serious Engineering!

63. Energy Environment Global Warming Sustainability Improve Medicine and Healthcare Delivery Reducing Vulnerability to Human and Natural Threats Expand and Enhance Human Capability And Joy Meeting the Grand Challenges

64. Let’s do it! Meeting the Grand Challenges

65. Thank you Chicago.