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Women in the US, I. The Condition of Women in the 19th Century

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Presentation on theme: "Women in the US, I. The Condition of Women in the 19th Century"— Presentation transcript:

1 Women in the US, I. The Condition of Women in the 19th Century A. Separate Spheres-- Myth v. Fact B. Women and the Law II. Women’s Political Culture A. Education and Religion B. Anti-slavery C. Temperance D. Consent, Marriage, and Divorce E. Labor F. Racial Justice III. The Women’s Rights Movement A. Leaders B. Methods C. Reactions D. Results

2 “Separate Spheres” Ideology
Male Public Sphere Wage labor Physical, dangerous Government Parties, Army Conflict State of Nature Female Private Sphere Housework Cooking, cleaning Family Childbirth, rearing Love Nurture

3 The Myth of “Separate Spheres”
Poorer women work for wages In 1850, ten percent of women worked for wages By 1900, 5M (13.4%) work for wages Middle class women join churches and reform organizations Assert authority over education, health, and welfare by using stereotypes about women’s nature.

4 Women and the Law Coverture (civil death) Cannot enter professions
Limited Access to Divorce Cannot vote to change laws Myra Bradwell

5 Education and Religion
New York’s “Burned-over District” Oberlin grads, 1855

6 Anti-slavery Women are the stalwarts of the abolitionist crusade.
Burning of PA Hall, 1838 Women are the stalwarts of the abolitionist crusade.

7 Temperance

8 Sex and Marriage Consent
Protect girls against seduction, rape, premature marriage, & prostitution Birthrate Falls 40% between Marriage Married women’s property acts Divorce Make habitual drunkenness and cruelty grounds for suit

9 Labor Child labor Women’s hours and wages Factory Inspection
Teen girls in Chicago sweatshop, 1903. Child labor Women’s hours and wages Factory Inspection

10 Racial Justice Anti-lynching Suffrage A Red Record (1895)
Chicago's Alpha Suffrage Club Ida B. Wells-Barnett

11 Citizenship Female abolitionists want the 15th Amendment to guarantee their right to vote as well Male reformers see this as politically impractical Some black leaders support Frederick Douglass

12 Leaders Susan B. Anthony Elizabeth Cady Stanton

13 Moral Suasion Women Praying outside MN Saloon, 1870s

14 Protest & Lobbying American Equal Rights Association
National Woman Suffrage Association American Woman Suffrage Association National American Woman Suffrage Association Equality League of Self-Supporting Women Women's Political Union Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage Woman's Party

15 Reaction

16 Opposing Arguments Unnatural Women don’t want Women control men
Republican Motherhood Racial analogy

17 Results

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