1. VLAN Trunking protocol- Chapter 4
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
VLAN Trunking protocol- Chapter 4
CCNA Exploration Semester 3
Modified by Profs. Ward
and Cappellino
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

2. Topics The role of VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) Operation of VTP
Configure VTP on switches

3. Semester 3 LAN Design Basic Switch Concepts Wireless STP VLANs
Inter-VLAN routing
VTP- Ch 4

4. Purpose of VTP VLANs are created on a _______________.
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
Purpose of VTP
VLANs are created on a _______________.
What if you have the same VLANs on 10 linked switches? Or 100 linked switches? Do you have to create the VLANs on every switch and allow them on each trunk?
As the number of switches increases the overall administration required to manage VLANs and trunks becomes a challenge.
VTP helps…
VTP allows a network manager to _____________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ in the network
Switch can be configured as a ________________________
Access ports to VLANs on each switch must ______________
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

5. VTP Factory Defaults Version ______ (Versions 2 and 3 also exist.)
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
VTP Factory Defaults
Version ______ (Versions 2 and 3 also exist.)
VTP domain name is _______________
VTP mode: __________________
One active VLAN- ______________
Configuration revision number 0
Any switches added to a domain should be in the default condition or they may send unwanted information to other switches.
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

6. show VTP status Parameters…
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
show VTP status Parameters…
VTP Version
Maximum VLANs Supported
Number of Existing VLANs
VTP Operating Mode- server, client, or transparent.
VTP Domain Name
VTP Pruning Mode
VTP V2 Mode (disabled by default)
VTP Traps Generation
MD5 Digest (checksum of VTP configuration)
Configuration Last Modified
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

7. More to come on all of these…
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
VTP Components
VTP Domain
3 different VTP modes:
VTP ______________
VTP _____________
VTP Advertisements
VTP Pruning
More to come on all of these…
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

8. VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
VTP Domain
Group of layer 2 switches _______________ and the _____________________________
Boundary of domain ends at __________________
Each switch can belong to only ______________.
Domain _________ the extent to which configuration ____________________
_________________, so all switches in domain must be Cisco switches.
Switch can be linked but not part of domain.
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

9. VTP Server Mode ______________ mode of switch
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
VTP Server Mode
______________ mode of switch
One switch acts as server.
__________________________ on the server switch for the entire VTP domain
_____________on this switch.
Information saved in ________________.
Server ________________________ in the same VTP domain over active trunk links.
Keeps ________________ through a ___________ ____________________
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

10. VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
VTP Client Mode
Client _________________________________ and forwards that info to other switches
Client switches then have the same VLANs as the server
A switch in ________________________________ ____________________________________
Client _________________________________
held only in RAM and lost if switch is powered off
If shut down and restarted, switch sends a request advertisement to a VTP server for updated VLAN information
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

11. VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
VTP Transparent Mode
Switch _____________________________ _________________________________
Can ________________________, not shared with other switches.
Put a switch in transparent mode if it has local VLANs that are not on other switches.
The other switches do not need to know about them.
VLAN _____________________________
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

12. VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
VTP Frame Structure
_________________ (aka messages) ____________________________________________________________ to VTP-enabled switches.
VTP Frame Encapsulation
A VTP frame ____________________ and a __________________________
The ________________ is inserted into the _____________ of an Ethernet frame.
The Ethernet frame is then _________ _____________________________
_________________ in the domain sends _______________________ out each trunk port
Received by neighboring switches, which update their VTP and VLAN configurations as necessary. 12
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

13. Fields of a VTP Frame __________ _____________________
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
Fields of a VTP Frame
__________ _____________________
___________________ C-CC-CC-CC
Reserved multicast address for ___________________
VTP header field - The contents vary depending on the VTP message type but always contains these VTP fields:
___________ - Identifies the domain for the switch.
Domain name __________ - Length of the domain name.
____________ - Set to either VTP 1, VTP 2, or VTP 3.
__________________________ - The current configuration revision number on this switch.
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

14. Configuration revision number
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
Configuration revision number
32-bit number.
Default value is _____________.
It is _____________________________ __________________________
Reset to 0 if domain name changes.
Switch uses revision number to see if ________________________________________________ that what that switch already holds.
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

15. VTP ______________________
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
VTP ______________________
Contains the ________________, the _____ ___________, and other VTP ____________ __________________
Sent immediately __________________ with updated revision number.
Sent ______________________________ to check on current VTP configuration revision number.
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

16. VTP _________ Advertisement
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
VTP _________ Advertisement
Sent ____________________- if:
The VTP _________________________
The switch __________________________ ___________________________________________________________ than its own
A subset advertisement message is missed for some reason
The ________________________
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

17. VTP Advertisement process
A switch receives a summary advertisement.
_______________________ to its own domain name.
If name is different, the switch ignores the packet.
If the name is the same, the switch _________ _______________ to its own revision number.
It’s own number ___________________ the packet.
It’s __________________, sends an ________________________________

18. VTP _________ Advertisement
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
VTP _________ Advertisement
Contains _______________________
Several subset ads may be needed if there is a lot of information.
____________________________________ or after:
_________________________
Suspending or activating a VLAN
__________________________
Changing the MTU of a VLAN
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

19. Subset Advertisement Fields
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
Subset Advertisement Fields
Version
Code
Seq-number
Domain name length
Management domain name (padded to 32 bytes)
Configuration revision number
VLAN info field 1
VLAN info field 2
Etc.
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

20. Subset Ad VLAN info field
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
Subset Ad VLAN info field
VLAN-Info
Info length
Status
VLAN-Type
VLAN-name Len
ISL VLAN ID
MTU size
index
VLAN name (padded to multiple of 4 bytes)
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

21. Pros and cons _____ network – ______________ with VTP.
______ network – good for consistency and ___________________________
___________ switches need lots of _______________, clients do not.
Redundancy – don’t have everything on one server switch.
Extreme care when _________________

22. VTP pruning ______________________
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
VTP pruning
______________________
Enable it on _______________ in domain.
Stops VLAN traffic from being sent on links that _______________________________
_______________ that are _________________ on the remote switch
Cuts down on traffic on trunk links.
Enabled using the vtp pruning global configuration command
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

23. VTP Configuration Guidelines Summary
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
VTP Configuration Guidelines Summary
Curriculum goes into more detail- these are good guidelines to know…
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

24. Domain names and passwords
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
Domain names and passwords
Configure a domain name on the ______________________________
The other switches will ________________
If you configure domain name on other switches, check that it is exactly the same as domain names are case sensitive.
If you use a _______________ then it must be ______________________________
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

25. Versions
VTP _____________ is used by _______ on Catalyst switches, but they can use version 2.
If you configure version 2 on one switch then the other switches should learn the new version and change to it.
If a switch is _____________ of running version 2 then it will ___________________ ______________________________

26. Configure VTP Highlights…
Configure VTP with a _________________ _________________________________
Existing VLANs are removed when you start to configure VTP.
Check that links are ____________________
Configure client switches to ____________

27. Commands on server SW1(config)#vtp domain cisco1
SW1(config)#vtp password cisco
(Password is optional)
Server mode is default, but if it was changed:
SW1(config)#vtp mode server
Version 1 is default, but command is:
SW1(config)#vtp version 1

28. Commands on server Create VLANs- as shown in chapter 3
Check that link is a trunk.
Check VTP operation
SW1# show vtp status
Assign switch ports to VLANs.

29. Client configuration SW2(config)#vtp mode client
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
Client configuration
SW2(config)#vtp mode client
Check that link is a trunk.
Check VTP operation
SW2# show vtp status
Assign switch ports to VLANs -as shown in chapter 3
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

30. Things to check when troubleshooting VTP configs
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
Things to check when troubleshooting VTP configs
______________. It needs to be _____________ on all switches in the domain.
_________________. Is it exactly _____________ on all switches?
__________________ if any. Is it exactly ________ on all switches?
Check that there is at ______________________. Better to have two.
If you recently added a new switch, has its revision number been set to 0?
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College

31. VTP A lot of this chapter material is summarized in this flash
VTP.ppt
17/04/2017
VTP
A lot of this chapter material is summarized in this flash 31
S Ward Abingdon and Witney College