1. METHOD APPROACH DESIGN PROCEDURE PRINCIPLE TECHNIQUE
By Fernando Rubio. Based on Ridchards and Rodgers (1991)

2. Method: Theory is put into practice and it tells what skills and content to be taught and order of contents. It comprises three levels: approach, design and procedure.
Richards and Rodgers (1985: 16)

3. Approach:Theories about the nature of language learning that serve as the source of practices and principles in language teaching.

4. Design: “...[it] specifies the relationship of theories of language and learning to both the form and function of instructional materials and activities in instructional settings.”

5. Procedure: “...[it] comprises the classroom techniques and practices that are consequences of particular approaches and designs.”

6. APPROACHES GRAMMAR-TRANSLATION APROACH ORAL APPROACH
STRUCTURAL APPROACH
AUDIO-LINGUAL APPROACH
COGNITIVE APPROACH
COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH
NATURAL APPROACH
HUMANISTIC APPROACH

7. METHODS 1. TRADITIONAL METHOD (GRAMMAR-TRANSLATION METHOD).
2. DIRECT METHOD.
3. AUDIO-LINGUAL METHOD.
4. COMMUNICATIVE METHOD.
7. TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE.
8. SUGGESTOPEDIA.
9. TASK-BASED LEARNING.
10. CONTENT-BASED LEARNING.
11. MULTIMEDIA/CALL METHODS.
12. MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES METHODS.
13. OTHER METHODS.