1. The ILC Global Design Effort Barry Barish ILC Industrial Forum Japan 28-June-05

2. ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 2 Why e + e - Collisions? elementary particles well-defined –energy, –angular momentum uses full COM energy produces particles democratically can mostly fully reconstruct events

3. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 3 A Rich History as a Powerful Probe

4. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 4 The Energy Frontier

5. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 5 Why a TeV Scale e + e - Accelerator? Two parallel developments over the past few years ( the technology ) –Designs and technology demonstrations have matured on two technical approaches for an e + e - collider that are well matched to our present understanding of the physics.

6. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 6 GLC GLC/NLC Concept The main linacs operate at an unloaded gradient of 65 MV/m, beam-loaded to 50 MV/m. The rf systems for 500 GeV c.m. consist of 4064 75 MW Periodic Permanent Magnet (PPM) klystrons arranged in groups of 8, followed by 2032 SLED-II rf pulse compression systems

7. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 7 TESLA Concept The main linacs based on 1.3 GHz superconducting technology operating at 2 K. The cryoplant, is of a size comparable to that of the LHC, consisting of seven subsystems strung along the machines every 5 km.

8. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 8 Which Technology to Chose? –Two alternate designs -- “warm” and “cold” had come to the stage where the show stoppers had been eliminated and the concepts were well understood. –A major step toward a new international machine required uniting behind one technology, and then working toward a unified global design based on the recommended technology.

9. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 9 International Technology Review Panel

10. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 10 Evaluate a Criteria Matrix The panel analyzed the technology choice through studying a matrix having six general categories with specific items under each: –the scope and parameters specified by the ILCSC; –technical issues; –cost issues; –schedule issues; –physics operation issues; –and more general considerations that reflect the impact of the LC on science, technology and society

11. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 11 The Recommendation We recommend that the linear collider be based on superconducting rf technology –This recommendation is made with the understanding that we are recommending a technology, not a design. We expect the final design to be developed by a team drawn from the combined warm and cold linear collider communities, taking full advantage of the experience and expertise of both (from the Executive Summary).

12. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 12 The Technology Recommendation The recommendation was presented to ILCSC & ICFA on August 19 in a joint meeting in Beijing. ICFA unanimously endorsed the ITRP’s recommendation on August 20

13. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 13 The Community then Self-Organized Nov 13-15, 2004

14. The Global Design Effort Formal organization begun at LCWS 05 at Stanford in March 2005 when I became director of the GDE Technically Driven Schedule

15. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 15 GDE – Near Term Plan Schedule Begin to define Configuration (Aug 05) Baseline Configuration Document by end of 2005 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Put Baseline under Configuration Control (Jan 06) Develop Reference Design Report by end of 2006 Three volumes -- 1) Reference Design Report; 2) Shorter glossy version for non-experts and policy makers ; 3) Detector Concept Report

16. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 16 Starting Point for the GDE Superconducting RF Main Linac

17. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 17 Parameters for the ILC E cm adjustable from 200 – 500 GeV Luminosity  ∫ Ldt = 500 fb -1 in 4 years Ability to scan between 200 and 500 GeV Energy stability and precision below 0.1% Electron polarization of at least 80% The machine must be upgradeable to 1 TeV

18. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 18 Experimental Test Facility - KEK Prototype Damping Ring for X-band Linear Collider Development of Beam Instrumentation and Control

19. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 19 Towards the ILC Baseline Design

20. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 20 Cost Breakdown by Subsystem Civil SCRF Linac

21. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 21 TESLA Cavity 9-cell 1.3GHz Niobium Cavity Reference design: has not been modified in 10 years ~1m

22. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 22 What Gradient to Choose?

23. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 23 Gradient Results from KEK-DESY collaboration must reduce spread (need more statistics) single-cell measurements (in nine-cell cavities)

24. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 24 (Improve surface quality -- pioneering work done at KEK) BCPEP Several single cell cavities at g > 40 MV/m 4 nine-cell cavities at ~35 MV/m, one at 40 MV/m Theoretical Limit 50 MV/m Electro-polishing

25. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 25 How Costs Scale with Gradient? Relative Cost Gradient MV/m 35MV/m is close to optimum Japanese are still pushing for 40- 45MV/m 30 MV/m would give safety margin C. Adolphsen (SLAC)

26. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 26 Evolve the Cavities Minor Enhancement Low Loss Design Modification to cavity shape reduces peak B field. (A small Hp/Eacc ratio around 35Oe/(MV/m) must be designed). This generally means a smaller bore radius Trade-offs (Electropolishing, weak cell-to-cell coupling, etc) KEK currently producing prototypes

27. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 27 New Cavity Design More radical concepts potentially offer greater benefits. But require time and major new infrastructure to develop. 28 cell Super-structure Re-entrant single-cell achieved 45.7 MV/m Q 0 ~10 10 (Cornell)

28. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 28 ILC Siting and Civil Construction The design is intimately tied to the features of the site –1 tunnels or 2 tunnels? –Deep or shallow? –Laser straight linac or follow earth’s curvature in segments? GDE ILC Design will be done to samples sites in the three regions

29. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 29 ILC Civil Program U.S., Japanese and European engineers are developing methods of analyzing the siting issues and comparing sites. The current effort is not intended to select a potential site, but rather to understand from the beginning how the features of sites will effect the design, performance and cost

30. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 30 Parameters of Positron Sources rep rate # of bunches per pulse # of positrons per bunch # of positrons per pulse TESLA TDR5 Hz28202 · 10 10 5.6 · 10 13 NLC120 Hz1920.75 · 10 10 1.4 · 10 12 SLC120 Hz15 · 10 10 DESY positron source 50 Hz11.5 · 10 9

31. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 31 Positron Source Large amount of charge to produce Three concepts: –undulator-based (TESLA TDR baseline) –‘conventional’ –laser Compton based

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35. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 35 Strawman Final Focus

36. 28-June-05 ILC industrial Forum (Japan) - Barish 36 Technologies for the ILC Large Scale Project Characterization –Large Project Management –Precision Engineering –International Coordination Industrialization –Civil Construction & Infrastructure –Cryogenics –Superconducting RF structures, couplers, etc –Electronics and Control Systems –Large Scale Computing