1. Kovar (shown in Blue)

2. Properties of Copper

3. Thermal Expansion of Copper

4. Thermal expansion of Molybdenum
TE=4.535 x 10-6 per deg C at 400 C

5. Glass used with Kovar
Code 7070

6. Comparison of Filler Materials
Sn – Ag Solder
Shear Strength= 2,700 psi
Tensile Strength= 5,800 psi
Expansion 30 PPM/oC
Liquidus 430 oF
Georo
Au - Ge Braze
Shear Strength= 26,825 psi
Tensile Strength= 26,835 psi
Young’s Modulus =10.55 x 106 psi
Expansion 13 PPM/oC
Liquidus 673 oF
Sn – Cu - Ag Solder
Shear Strength= 5,874 psi
Liquidus 423 oF

7. Wesco Metals

8. Window