1. Proposals Problem-Solution-Justification

2. Developing a Proposal Argument n Convincing your readers that a problem exists n Showing the specifics of your proposal n Convincing your readers that your proposal should be enacted (Writing Arguments, pp. 311-313)

3. “Stock Issues” Strategy n Is there really a problem? n Will the proposed solution really solve it? n Can the problem be solved more simply? n Is the proposed solution practical? n What will be the consequences of the proposal? (Writing Arguments, pp. 317-318)

4. More Questions to Consider n Why is the problem a problem? n For whom is the problem a problem? n How will these people suffer if the problem is not solved? n Who has the power to solve the problem? n Why hasn’t the problem been solved up to this point?

5. More Questions (continued) n How can the problem be solved? n What are the probable benefits of acting on your proposal? n What costs are associated with your proposal? n Who will bear those costs? n Why should this proposal be enacted? n Why is it better than alternative proposals? (Writing Arguments, p. 319)

6. Organizing a Proposal Argument n Presentation of a problem that needs solving – description of problem – background, including previous attempts to solve problem – argument that problem is solvable (optional) n Presentation of writer’s proposal – succinct statement (thesis) – explanation of specifics of proposed solution

7. Organizing (continued) n Justification persuading reader that proposal should be enacted – Reason 1 presented and developed – Reason 2 presented and developed – Reason 3 presented and developed – etc. n Conclusion that exhorts audience to act (Writing Arguments, p. 322)