1. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 20061 Search for Super-Penguins: CP Violation in B 0 ->K+K-K 0 D. Dujmic, SLAC For BABAR Collaboration D. Dujmic, SLAC For BABAR Collaboration Special thanks to: G. Cavoto, M. Krishnamurthy, E. Di Marco, M.Pierini, A.Roodman, S.Spanier, J.Thompson SM rules

2. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 20062 CP Violation in SM CKM picture of charged weak currents: But amount of CP violation too small: - observation: - area of unitarity triangle: p=u,c,t q=d’,s’,b’ W ± V pq ? Additional sources of CP violation needed (solely responsible for CPV in SM)

3. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 20063 Search for Super-Penguins Penguin amplitude in SM Virtual, heavy particles can appear in loops - can be relatively large, O(1) - in general not CP-conserving Double-CKM suppression: Loop suppression: Decay rates small BF<7·10 -5 Super-penguin, beyond-SM? Example of SUSY diagram SM rules

4. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 20064 CPV Parameter sin2  B0  K+K-K0 amplitudes: CPAsymmetry: (B0/B0bar tags) ~0  Interference term has different signs for B0/B0bar tags Interference phase only due to B0/B0bar mixing (in SM) IF: same asymmetry for J/  K S and K + K - K S super-penguins exist! K+K-K0 flavor tag e+ e- SM super penguins or

5. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 20065 Estimate of  sin2  in K+K-KS From tree-dominated decays B 0 ->J/  K S (SM reference point): (penguin-tree) Experimental average of all penguins Tree Penguin

6. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 20066 Analysis of 3-Body Decay Selection of charm-less 3-body decays is tricky - large background requires usage of several kinematic, event- shape variables in event selection - good particle ID K+K+ KK B0B0 KSKS L L’=L L=even CP(K+K-K S )= + 1 L=odd CP(K+K-K S ) = - 1 *[ CP(KKKS)= - CP(KKKL) ] How to analyze angular momentum composition? CP Violation measurement with additional complication - CP depends on angular momentum L between K+ and K- - (K+ K-)KS can be both CP-even and CP-odd * -sin2  +sin2  -> (2f odd -1) sin2  Dilution if both CP present!!

7. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 20067 CP Content Fractions of P-wave from analysis of angular moments: –0.29 ± 0.03 over whole DP –0.89 ± 0.01 in  (1020) region From 624±30 K+K+K- decays From 879±36 K+K-KS(  ) decays Need Dalitz plot analysis to measure CP asymmetry BABAR-CONF-06/40 (ICHEP06) previously: - cut >1.1GeV (assume CP-even) - 1.0045<m<1.0345 (assume CP-odd) Fraction of P-wave P-wave strength

8. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 20068 B 0 → K + K - K 0 Isobar Model Charm(onium) contributions: D - K +, D S - K +  c0 K 0 K0K0 f 0 (980)K 0 X 0 (1550)K 0 Non- resonant toy Dalitz plot ComponentCP K0K0 odd f 0 (980)K 0 even X 0 (1550)K 0 even Nonresonanteven(90%) odd(10%)  c0 K 0 even Use flavor-symmetry to relate BABAR’s K+K+K- Dalitz plot

9. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 20069 Dalitz Plot PDF Measure CP asymmetry in time-dependent Dalitz plot: Five observables:  t,  (  t), m(K + K - ), cos  H, tag flavor B0 amplitude B0bar amplitude CP Violation: Rate difference Phase difference

10. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 200610 … Add All K+K-K0 Final States  (1020) “X 0 (1550)”  c0 Non-resonant f 0 (980) K+K-K L K+K-K S (  ) K+K-K S (  ) Add K+K-K S (K S   ) and K+K-K L All channels use same Dalitz plot model! ~1500 signal events 138 ± 17 499 ± 52 879 ± 36

11. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 200611 Average CP-Asymmetry Combine KKKS+-, KKKS00, and KKKL Assume same CPV parameters for all KKK0 KKKS+- alone: ComponentFraction (%) K0K0 12.9±1.3 f 0 (980)K 0 22.3±8.9 X 0 (1550)K 0 4.1±1.8 Nonresonant91±19  c0 K 0 2.8±0.8 D - K +, D S - K + 4.9±1.1 SM: A CP =0  =0.370

12. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 200612 Measurement of  Assume final state is mixture of CP-eigenstates (partial waves) both real and imaginary b/c of CP-even, -odd interferences (->2  ) real in Q2B analyses (->sin2  ) 4.6   eff  eff  eff

13. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 200613 CPV in Low K+K- Mass Resonant fractions for m(K+K-)<1.1GeV  (1020) K 0 57% f 0 (980) K 0 34% Non-res13% Low-K+K- mass fit for CPV parameters in  K 0 and f 0 K 0 to reduce dependence on Dalitz plot model  K 0 theoretically very clean  (sin2  )~ O(1%) Fix S-wave, float isobar parameters for P- wave KKKs+-252 ± 19 KKKs0035 ± 9 KKKL195 ± 33

14. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 200614 CPV in Low K+K- Mass Combined KKKS+-, KKKS00, and KKKL cross-check with Q2B analysis syst. errors dominated by Dalitz plot model consistent with SM, Belle SM: A CP =0  =0.370 KSKS f0KSf0KS CPV measurements in f 0 Ks and  Ks correlated (one background for the other) asymmetry plot ±15MeV under 

15. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 200615 Summary Time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis opens new possibilities in study of penguin decays: - measurement of asymmetry angle (instead of sine of the angle) - removes dilution for final states with opposite CP - model uncertainties included in fit BABAR (   sin2  )Belle (sin2  ) KKK 0 0.661 ±0.12 ± 0.06 (all KKK 0 ) 0.68 ±0.15 ±0.03 +0.21 −0.13 (excluding  K S, KKK S only) K0K0 0.12 ±0.31 ±0.10 0.50 ±0.21 ±0.06 f 0 (KK)K 0 0.31± 0.32 ± 0.07No result (f 0  K + K - ) Lower sin2  than expected consistent with trend seen in other analyses CPV results from penguin decays still intriguing, but need to work harder to observe new phenomena

16. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 200616 More Slides

17. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 200617 Angular Moments - Decay rate in terms of moments of Legendre polynomials: - Model-independent approach to extract CP content [BABAR, PRD71,091102] - Assume S and P-waves decaying into K + K - S-wave P-wave - Moments computed using sPlots [Pivk, Le Diberder, Nucl.Inst.Meth. A555] - Fraction of P-wave: K+K+ KK KSKS (angular momentum conservation) K + K - CMS

18. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 200618 BABAR/Belle 2006: B 0  KKK S Belle’s estimate (±10MeV): K+K+K- Dalitz (140 fb-1) ~2.75±0.14% ignores f0(980) Belle’s helicity plot (±10MeV under  mass) [Hazumi ICHEP06 talk] BABAR B0  K+K-K0 (347MBB) (bkg substracted) hep-ex/0607112 B+  K+K+K- (230MBB) PRD72,032003(2006) Belle non-zero yield below and above  peak! Estimates from BABAR results (±10MeV): K+K+K- moments (347MBB): ~8±1% K+K-K0 Dalitz (347MBB) and K+K+K- Dalitz (230MBB): f0K~10±3%, NR~3±1% -> 13±3% Belle’s fitting range Old BABAR fitting range

19. Sep 11, 2006SLUO Anual Meeting 200619 Dalitz Plot Isobar Model Blatt-Weisskopf form factorsBreit-WignerAngular correlations i j k  {ij} res i j k ∑ res Resonant amplitude: “Non-resonant” B B Single channel BW Coupled channel BW (Flatté) Decay amplitude = “resonant”