1. Sanda Kaufman6/21/20151 P ARTICIPATORY S TRATEGIES FOR C OMMUNITY D EVELOPMENT C ONFLICTS UAA 27th Annual Meeting, April 16-19, Toronto S ANDA K AUFMAN Levin College of Urban Affairs Cleveland State University p Decision communities defined fostered p The Mill Creek Project story lessons p Participation strategies

2. Sanda Kaufman6/21/20152 O BSTACLES TO P ARTICIPATION r Nature of community  skills  historical/territorial/interest ties  access to resources r Nature of conflict  tangible/intangible stakes  scale  long-term symptoms, consequences  prevailing frames  other parties r Processes  informal/ill-structured/non-existent  diffuse locus of decisions

3. Sanda Kaufman6/21/20153 D ECISION C OMMUNITIES Communities as DECISION PARTNERS -- generating, managing and communicating information that can guide decisions affecting them and their environment  individual/collective decision skills  ties with each other  share information  formulate goals  make joint decisions  access to  public institutions/private entities affecting decisions  information  resources

4. Sanda Kaufman6/21/20154 Types of Decisions Communities

5. Sanda Kaufman6/21/20155 T HE M ILL C REEK P ROJECT SITE  about 100 acres  state-owned vacant site in disrepair  small # of scattered empty buildings  30 acres of wooded open space  creek and its 45-foot waterfall STAKEHOLDERS  some middle income families  2 neighborhoods  abutting neighbors  City of Cleveland  State of Ohio  the owner family  Broadway Area Housing Coalition N

6. Sanda Kaufman6/21/20156 Broadway: a Decision Community? Ê Potential, not developed at the time of the conflict Ë Territorial/institutional changing to interests-based r decision skills:  variable  few with participation experience r ties:  among subgroups r access to:  to those affecting decisions -- tenuous  to information -- variable  to resources -- limited

7. Sanda Kaufman6/21/20157 MILL CREEK: CDC’s P ARTICIPATION S TRATEGY r First Round  Identify goals, interests  Devise solutions  Present to the community r Second Round  develop leadership  work with leaders  take the time/go down dead ends  build consensus

8. Sanda Kaufman6/21/20158 M ILL C REEK : O UTCOMES àS ITE (short-term) r Mill Creek acquired by Cleveland r Site developed as mixed housing (217 units) r Falls area developed as park r Plans for community center & public art à C OMMUNITY (long-term) r Positive experience to support future initiatives r Decision community ties r Emerging community leadership r Model for others

9. Sanda Kaufman6/21/20159 F OSTERING D ECISION C OMMUNITIES r Use 3d party intervention r Match approach to community type r Take long-range view--value future r Seek, build, support leadership r Allow experiential learning--let it go “wrong” r Enhance access to resources, information r Take the time r Build ties r Spread the credit

10. Sanda Kaufman6/21/201510 W HAT W E N EED TO K NOW r Links between community characteristics and  decision patterns  operating frames  needed support r Frame effects on  participation  decisions  satisfaction with outcomes r Measures of  process quality  outcome quality

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