1. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change Economic Potential of Wetland Habitats in Europe Yvonne Scheidegger Uwe A. Schneider

2. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change Tragedy of Wetlands

3. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change Find socially optimal balance between alternative wetland uses by integrating biological benefits (birds) economic opportunities (agriculture) - Large region - Majority of endangered birds Objective

4. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change Birds Bird directive 1979 Annex I Species 28 species depending on wetlands as breeding/ wintering/ resting grounds Families: herons, raptors, storks Corncrake Kingfisher Great White EgretBlack Stork

5. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change Wetland Degradation Human exploitation Agriculture - Drainage Human Settlements - Preferred location for living - Transportation systems - Industry - Pollution

6. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change Preservation Habitat for Species Ecological Functions - Flood control - Shoreline stabilization - Nutrient retention - Purification of water - Climate Wetland Preservation

7. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change Ramsar Convention 1971 Ramsar, Iran Conservation and wise use of wetlands Ramsar List 2003 - 137 contracting parties - 1369 wetlands of international importance CLASSIFICATION MARINE WETLANDS ESTUARINE WETLANDS WETLANDS ASSOCIATED WITH LAKES WETLANDS ALONG RIVERS MARSHY WETLANDS HUMAN-MADE WETLANDS

8. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change Wetlands Lake/Pond Open water surface Transition zone Marsh Frequent flooding/permanent shallow water Reed beds

9. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change Wetlands Wet Meadow Humid soils Grassland Extensive cultivation Peatland Anaerobic conditions fen raised bog

10. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change Wetlands River/Floodplain Periodic flooding Sand and gravel banks, oxbow lakes Floodplain forest Typical vegetation

11. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change Model Variables POP r,b,l,w Bird population [N] ADD r,w Added area [ha] DEL r,w Lost area [ha] HAB 0 r,b,l,w Habitat size < minimum habitat size [ha] HAB 1 r,b,l,w Habitat size > minimum habitat size [ha] r Region w Wetland l living status b Bird

12. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change h min 0 area population HAB 0 HAB 1 n safe Model

13. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change Model Parameter d r,b,l,w Population density n safe b,l Safe population level h min r,b,l,w Minimum habitat size [ha] h max r,w Maximum convertible area [ha] h exist r,w Existing land allocation [ha] c ag r Agricultural opportunity costs [euro] c ag  w r Conversion costs [euro/ha] r Region w Wetland l living status b Bird

14. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change Model Wetland Habitat Demand

15. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change Model Wetland Habitat Supply

16. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change Model Objective Function Minimization of cost from land use and lost agricultural revenue summed across all regions and land use change type

17. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change Solve repeatedly for different targets (t) Plot total cost against target Model Economic Potential of Wetland Habitats

18. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change Indicative Results

19. Research Unit Sustainability and Global Change

22. Future Tasks Data improvement! Soil type integration Modeling of combined uses (low agricultural intensity + habitat) Habitat linking between regions Endogenous agricultural opportunity costs Dynamics