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Highway Functional Classification PEAR Workshop September 2009 Spencer Stevens, Planning Office Joe Hausman, Office of Highway Information Ed Christopher, Resource Center
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Highway Functional Classification ► What? ► Why? ► How? ► Relationship to Federal-Aid ► Relationship to Design ► October 2008 HPMS memo
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What is the function of a road? ► Provides mobility (arterials) ► Provides access (locals) ► Provides both (collectors)
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Relationship to service
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Functional Classification?
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Why classify roads? ► There are approximately 4,000,000 miles of roads in the U.S. ► Some are more “important” than others
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Why classify roads? ► Helps determine which level of government has responsibility ► Influences design ► Affects how they are funded ► Impacts Federal-Aid
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Rural Illustration
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Rural Guides SystemVMTMiles Principal arterials 30-55%2-4% All arterials 45-75%6-12% Collectors20-35%20-25% Locals5-20%65-75%
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Highway Functional Classes (Rural Miles) ► Principal arterials 132,451 (4%) ► Minor arterials137,875 (4%) ► Major collectors434,090(14%) ► Minor collectors272,047(9%) ► Local 2,096,837(68%) ► Total 3,071,331
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Urban Illustration
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Urban Guides SystemVMTMiles Principal arterials 40-65%5-10% All arterials 65-85%15-25% Collectors5-10%5-10% Locals10-30%65-80%
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Highway Functional Classes (Urban miles) ► Principal arterials76,033(9%) ► Minor arterials90,475(10%) ► Collectors89,310(10%) ► Local 628,369(71%) ► Total 884,187
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Federal-Aid ► National Highway System Principal arterials ► Surface Transportation Program Arterials Urban collectors Rural major collectors
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How? ► Group population centers and major travel generators ► Identify neighboring centers ► Connect the largest directly ► Connect the next group to the major centers
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How? ► Considerations: Arterials integrated network Spacing Changes at urban boundaries Trip length Diminishing returns
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Urban Boundaries ► Urban clusters Census block population density Secondary criteria ► Urban Places Political boundaries ► Adjusted boundaries
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Design Considerations ► AASHTO’s Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets 2001 (Green book) ► Arterials – promote mobility and restrict access ► Locals – promote access and limit mobility
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Design Features ► Speed ► Levels of service ► Alignment ► Width ► Clearances ► Grades
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Urban Features ► Parking ► Lighting ► Curb & Gutter ► Sidewalks ► Utilities
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Access Control ► Full control Freeway ► Partial control Medians Grade separation Signal timing Limit driveways and entrances
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Access Control Methods ► Land use ordinances ► Geometric design Medians Spacing median openings Frontage roads ► Direct vs. indirect access ► Single vs. multiple access
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HPMS Reassessment ► October 14, 2008 memo ► Recommends revisions to highway functional classification guidebook Downplays the Urban/Rural distinction ► New HPMS classification schema used for 2010 data reporting ► Does NOT change any Highway Functional Classification Guidance or practice
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Summary ► What is the function of roads? ► Why classify the roads? Example of impact on design ► Which roads are eligible for Federal-Aid?
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Highway Functional Classification Concepts, Criteria and Procedures ► It is just a guide ► Varies in practice by state ► Functional Class boundaries are not rigid ► Some states develop supplemental criteria ► www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/fctoc.htm www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/fctoc.htm
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State University I-95 Main Street Campus Loop
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Census Urban Boundary Industrial Park Industrial Blvd
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Route 36 The village of Mesa Mesa View Road Red Rock Heights
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Resource Page http://www.edthefed.com/fclass/
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Yepper – We Can Assist You? Select Here http://www.dot.state.pa.us/Internet/Bureaus/pdPlanRes.nsf/PlanningAndResearchHomePage?OpenFrameset
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Yunz Please Refer To…
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Then Submit per…
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FHWA Appreciates the Process!
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