Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
1
Modernization Theory: Background Emerged in the US during the 1950s and ‘60s… 1
2
Modernization Theory: Background Following the end of World War II 2
3
Modernization Theory: Background Three major developments following WWII New development institutions and development emphasis Wave of newly independent countries Emergence of the Cold War and US Anti- Communism 3
4
New development institutions and development emphasis International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank) 1944 Recovery of Europe Poor, middle- income countries United Nations Development Program 1965 Democratic governance Poverty reduction
5
Wave of newly independent countries Post-WWII dismantling of the European colonial empires
6
Promoting democracy and blocking spread of communism Communist threat Czechoslovakia "fell" to the communists in 1948 Soviets closed down Berlin followed by US airlift 1949. 1949 China-Communist Vietnam, by 1947Ho Chi Minh leading communists in a civil war against France—Vietnam War Korea free from Japanese colonialism divided at 38th parallel into communist North and capitalist South. Korean War 1950-53
7
Kennedy’s Alliance for Progress 1961 Latin America 10-year, multi-billion $ foreign aid program promote economic growth and political reform long-term goal—countering Communism
8
Modernization Theory: Background Promoting democracy and blocking spread of communism Massive US aid across the “bamboo curtain” Taiwan (Nationalist) South Korea
9
Modernization Theory Coincided with Behavioral Revolution Spearheaded in 1950s by advocates of more social scientific, empirical approach focusing on individual behavior not constitutional doc’s, legal texts Lipset, Political Man, published 1960 For behavioralists interested in individual-level political behavior, survey research became the methodology of choice. 9
10
Modernization Theory: Key Elements Individual level of analysis Premised on common perception of Anglo-Saxon (esp’ly US) experience Wealth education/middle class modern values democracy Poverty lack of education traditional values authoritarianism Note dichotomy between “modern” and “traditional” 10
11
Dichotomy between modern & traditional (version 1) Modern valuesTraditional values achievement-orientedascriptive rule/merit-basedreliance on personal ties activepassive rationalnon-rational, superstitious 11
12
Modernization Theory: Lipset’s version Econ development Wealth Industrialization Urbanization Education modern values Lipset’s stories democracy 12
13
Modernization Theory As you can see, We still need to explain wealth vs. poverty Stay tuned for next week 13
14
14 Modernization Theory: Ronald Inglehart’s Version
15
Dichotomy between modern & traditional (version 2) Civic culture attitudes Traditional attitudes trust distrust satisfaction low satisfaction competence low competence 15
16
Your turn to become a behavioralist http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/
Similar presentations
© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc.
All rights reserved.