1. Benjamin Zephaniah
1958- Present

2. Brief Biography Poet, novelist, playwright and musician
Born in England in 1958
Lived in Jamaica for 12 years
Became influenced by Bob Marley and Marcus Garvey
Moved back to England in 1973
He has recently been awarded honorary doctorates by three different universities in London.

3. Influence Heavily influenced by Rastafarianism God was known as “Jah”
An Afro-centric spiritual movement that started in Ethiopia due to poor social and economic conditions
God was known as “Jah”
Marcus Garvey, a Jamaican was considered the prophet of this movement
Encouraged people to embrace their African heritage and move back to Africa.
Spread through the lyrics of reggae music

4. Allusions in “What Stephen Lawrence Has Taught Us”

5. Institutional Racism
Found in most of our institutions: judicial and political systems, social clubs, associations, hospitals, universities, labor unions, businesses, corporations, the Church, health care centers and housing.

6. Spatial Racism (Gentrification)
Creating segregated suburbs or gentrified areas of cities, leaving the poor (mainly African Americans, Hispanics and some newly arrived immigrants) isolated in deteriorating areas of cities and older suburbs.

7. Internalized Racism
When people of color see themselves and their communities primarily through the eyes of the dominant culture and apply negative stereotypes