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Feudalism SOL WH1.9b
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Influence of Barbarians Manors with castles provided protection Trade was disrupted and towns declined Strengthened the feudal system
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Feudalism Developed in response to the instability of life after the decline of the Roman Empire Rich, powerful rulers granted land (fief) to lesser lords (vassals) in exchange for loyalty (fielty), soldiers, and food Peasants and serfs farmed the land of nobles in exchange for protection during war Relationships between classes
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The Great Chain of Being Social hierarchy existed to maintain order. People's roles in life were determined by their birth and were not generally questioned. Created a secure, productive way of life. Is it better to be safe or free?
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The Pope God’s representative on Earth Papal supremacy– held power over all secular rulers
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Monarchs Supreme ruler believed to have been chosen by God Granted land and titles to people in exchange for loyalty and service
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Clergy Provided sacraments, education, and preserved learning Often the only literate people in a village Bishops Abbots/Abbesses Monks/Nuns Priests
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Nobility Local rulers Offered protection to serfs in exchange for labor on manors (self-sufficient farms) Raised armies for the king Examples Duke/Duchess Earl/Countess Knight/Lady
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Merchants New middle class Artisans and craftsman Blacksmiths Carpenters Masons Traded goods across Europe
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Peasants Serfs—peasants bound to a manor Life was nasty, brutish, and short Labor force – had Sundays and holy days (holidays) off Servants Farmers
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Dregs of Society People no one wants around Foreigners Beggars Lepers Criminals Vagrants
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Pictures Castle Top : http://library.thinkquest.org/04oct/01 895/images/castle.gif Castle Bottom : http://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/im ages/various2/conwy_6.jpg Pope : http://aesthetictraditionalist.files.word press.com/2009/02/pope_benedict_xv i.jpg Monarch : Personal photograph Clergy : Personal photograph Peasant : Personal photograph Dregs of Society: Personal photograph
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