1. Switzerland’s NFP – Bargaining Sustainability Claudia Zingerli Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich COST-E19 International Seminar, 15-16 September 2003, Vienna

2. Overview of Swiss NFP Responsible Agency: Swiss Forest Agency, SAEFL 2001Official launch of NFP by Federal Department for Environment, Transport, Energy and Communication, DETEC 2002Multi-stakeholder Dialogue 2003Preparation of NFP strategy and message to DETEC 2004 - 2007Implementation of NFP, revision of legal framework 2008Enforcement of amended federal forest law

3. Objectives of Swiss NFP Achieving sustainable forest management in the long term Added at a later stage: Providing favourable conditions for an efficient and innovative forest and wood industry

4. Structure of Swiss NFP Forest resources Health & Vitality Protective Function Productive Function Bio- diversity Socio-econ. Function Expert Moni- toring Coaching Science Commu- nication NFP Forum 28 Persons Project Direction Project Management Project Team 6 Focus Areas

5. Multi-stakeholder dialogue: participants ActorsNumberWGForum Public Admini- stration  Federal Agencies (SAEFL, Agricultural Office, Economic Affairs, Space and Regional Development, Energy)  Cantonal Agencies (Environment, Forest, Landscape, Nature Protection, Construction) 23 of which 16 SAEFL 25 19 of which 21 4 of which 16 SAEFL 4 Federal Assembly  Members of Council of States  Members of National Council 3434 3434 Private Organi- sations, Individuals  Research Institutions  Environment, Sports and Health Organisations  Professional Associations  Forest Holdings  Forest Enterprises  Private Forest Owners  Forest Engineering Businesses  Others 18 13 5 7 5 10 2 6 15 9 2 6 3 10 2 6 3431234312 Total1219328

6. Multi-stakeholder dialogue: main issues Meanings of Sustainability Economic claims Societal claimsEcological claims Call for better and more efficient institutional frameworks and deregulation Mono- versus multi- functional forest management Social recreation and forest resilience Costs and responsibilities for public services

7. Multi-stakeholder dialogue: political bargaining Forest Summits by Swiss Forestry Association 8 Theses by Swiss Association of Forestry Enterprises Coalition Building between environmental organisations Tripartite Commission for close-to- nature silviculture standard Forest resources Health & Vitality Protective Function Producte Function Bio- diversit y Socio-econ. Function Expert Moni- toring Coach- ing Science Commu- nication NFP Forum 28 Persons Project Direction Project Management Project Team 6 Focus Areas WAP

8. Explanations of NFP policy process to date Supporting FactorsImpeding Factors  Democratic culture supports participatory approach and MSD  Relatively new forest law, necessity for NFP questioned  70% public ownership and public access to all forest, strong vote for social and ecological sustainability  Meanings of SFM not clearly defined  Strong sectoral policy approach  Sustainability principle anchored in Swiss Constitution and Federal Forest Law  Capacity of leading agency to handle conflict and diversity (Organisational learning)  Consideration of international policy processes in Swiss environmental sector (multi-level governance)  Underdeveloped monitoring and evaluation concepts  Financial restrictions of public entities, seeking reorientation  Strong Forest Service, particular interests

9. Conclusions: Swiss NFP and beyond Another step in Switzerland’s long forest policy process, characterised by broad participation Discussions of contextual innovation and new regulations of competencies between Confederation, cantons and communes NFP embedded in forest law making process: political commitment and legitimacy From incremental to substantial change 1.Potential reform of regulations and restrictions 2.Finances: budget restriction