1. Common Eye problems and Products for their Relief
Eye complaints include visual symptoms as : blurring , diplopia ,nystigmus or rapid involuntary movements , floater or spot floating about in the front of the eye loss of visual acuity ,especially when of sudden onset .
When any of these symptoms is accompanied by pain in the eye specialist advice is required .

2. Common Eye Problems Conjuntivitis :
Causes: a- Infectious or allergic origin
b- Chemical irritation ( eye cosmotics , plants ,animals .)
c- Systemic disease such as gout, dachryocystitis ( inflammation of the lachrymal gland usually of infectious origin .)
The most common allergic cause is hay fever .
Oral anti histamines and vasoconstrictors eye
drops are used for treatment of allergic
Conjunctivitis and sodium cromoglycate is used for the treatment of allergic rhinitis .

3. Conjunctivitis of infectious origin is caused
by Staphylococcus aureus .Streptococci
,Pneumococci,and haemophilus Influenza,
may also be responsible in some cases .
Both bacterial and viral conjunctivitis may be associated with sore throat .
Management of infectious conjunctivitis is
by the use of specific topically antimicrobial
Agents.

4. Trachomonal conjunctivitis caused by chlamedia trachomatis and prasitic conjunctivitis caused by the worm onchocerca volvulus are more frequently occur and are the cause of blindness in the poor countries of the word.
They can be prevented by tetracyclin and erythromycin for trachomonal infection and dietheyl carbamazine citrate for onchoceriasis

5. Signs and symptoms of conjunctivitis :
a- Burning or foreign body sensation or a feeling of grittiness .
b- photophobia and pain, when present , indicate a probable corneal involvement .
N.B.Pain that is worse on waking and improves during the day suggest an infection .and if it is associated with more profuse tear flow during the day so it is infective micro-organisms.

6. In the case of keratoconjuntivitis sicca which is caused by inadequate tear flow the pain gradually becomes worse as the day goes by.
c- Itching which is severe in case of allergic and atopic conjunctivitis .
d- mucoid discharge lead to incrustation and difficulty in in opening the eyes in the morning
e- Hyperaemia or redness , lachrymation drooping of the upper lid(pseudoptosis ) exudation and edema of the conjunctival stroma .

7. Red eyes :
Red eyes may be caused by a bout of paroxysmal coughing . Unless caused by physical trauma ,the condition resolved spontaneously without complication . Red eyes accompanied with discharge indicate conjunctivitis .Slow developing redness especially when confined to one eye may be a sign of serious disease such as glucoma or iritis .

8. Disorders of the eye lids:
This include :
marginal blepharitis Styes and Chalazia
marginal blepharitis is most common disease of the eye lids .
Symptoms : Bilateral encrustation and inflammationof the lid margin and may be either staphylococcal (dry ) or seborrhoeic (greasy) in both type irritation and itching of the lid margin are troublesome .The dandruff type scales can be seen clinging to the lashes and on both lids .
Red –rimmed lid margin burning and itching and feeling of sand in the eye.

9. Management :
Antistaphylococcus ointment applied to the lids .
Through cleansing seborrhoeic area is important and treatment of co- existing dandruff of scalp with zinc pyrithione shampoo may give symptomatic relief .

10. Sty is an abscess involving hair follicles or sebaceous and sweat gland of the eyelids.
The causative organism is staphylococcus.
The area surrounding the sty is red ,swollen tender and painful depending on the extent to which the skin is stretched .styes do not endanger visionbut those persisting for more than 48 hour should be drained surgically by a physician .
Sty is referred as an external hordeolum .

11. Chalazia :
It is a granuloma of the lipid secreting meibomain glands. Inflammation and cyst is due to local reaction of accumulated lipids.
Blockage of ducts may also lead to cysts affecting the gland of moll and zeiss .
●In most individual both cyst and chalazia is
resolved spontaneously .
●Warm compresses 3 to 4 times a day are
helpful for all these condition .
●Drainage of the abscess may be required .
●Removing a lash may encourage