1. Electrical Energy

2. Electrical Charges Electrical Charges and Current Coulmb’s Law
Like charges attract, unlike charges repel.
Coulmb’s Law

3. Electric and Hydraulic Analogy
Current
Flow rate
Voltage
Elevation
Battery
Pump
Motor
Water wheel

4. Series and Parallel Circuits
Same current passes through all devices
If one device fails, all fail
Parallel
Currents add up
Devices work independent of each other
Fire Hazard

5. Units Charge C Current A Voltage V Resistance W Energy kWh
Power W, kW, MW, GW

6. Table 1. Power Consumption For Several Household Appliances*
Power, W
Clock
Radio
Television (color)
Freezer/Refrigerator
Hair Dryer
Washer (clothes)
Vacuum Cleaner
Home Computer 2
Air Conditioner
Coffee Maker
Iron
Dishwasher
Toaster
Microwave Oven
Dryer (clothes)
Oven range

7. Generation of electricity
Thermal Powerplants
Solar Photovoltaics
Thermophotovoltaics
Electrically Conductive Plastics
Fuel Cells

8. Fuel Cells

9. Principle of Operation
Electrolysis
H2O + electric current  H2+1/2 O2
Fuel Cells
H2+1/2 O2 H2O +electric current

10. Generation

11. Storage Battery (chemical energy) Ultracapacitor (static energy)
Flywheel (rotational energy)

12. Batteries Batteries are devices that produce electric potentials
Primary batteries
Secondary batteries
Batteries are characterized by:
Electrical potential
Capacity

13. Transmission To reduce power loss we must reduce current
P=RI2
To reduce current we must transmit power at very high voltages (Since voltage is constant)
P=V.I

14. Transmission Grid

15. Load and Capacity Base load Peak load Average load Capacity Factor
Optimal Size

16. Load Duration