1. Chapter 14 : Canada In The World

2. Daughter of the Empire
Countries were referred to as “she”. Therefore, Canada was called a “daughter of the British Empire”.

3. A common saying was that “the sun never sets on the British Empire” because about 1/4 of the world’s people were part of this empire which was spread out all over the world.

4. Some of the evidence of the British Empire’s influence in Canadian culture included
money
stamps
Queen’s birthday and Empire Day
Union Jack flag ( until 1965 )
Anthem was “God Save The King”

5. Canada also had political and economic ties to Great Britain
By 1910, Canada, Newfoundland, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa had all become self - governing dominions.

6. Each dominion had complete control over its own affairs but Britain still controlled foreign affairs.

7. If Britain went to war, its dominions were also at war

8. Economical Trade was very important in the British Empire
In early 1900's, most Canadian exports were sold to Britain

9. Most investments in Canadian businesses came from Britain

10. Newfoundland’s trade of salt cod was still controlled by Britain

11. Rethinking The Empire
Most Canadians were either imperialists (wanted closer ties to Britain) or they were nationalists ( thought that Canada should be less dependent on Britain )

12. At the turn of the 20th century, there were strong feelings of nationalism (extreme pride in one’s country)

13. Many Canadians were extremely proud to be part of the British Empire.

14. However, three events soon caused Canada to rethink their loyalty to Britain

15. Boer War ( )
In 1899 war broke out in South Africa between the British and the Boxers (Dutch settlers)
who lived near by

16. Many British settlers moved to South Africa after gold and diamonds were discovered there and the 2 groups did not trust each other

17. The Boers declared war on Great Britain

18. Britain asked Canada to send troops, the imperialists agreed but French Canadians disagreed

19. Prime Minister Wilfred Laurier made a compromise by sending a small volunteer force to South Africa
Britain won the Boer War in 1902

20. The long-term effects of the Boer War on Canada was that
nobody in Canada was happy with Laurier’s compromise
historians feel that Laurier’s compromise was the best solution since anything else would have led to serious conflict within Canada
Boer War led to the development of Canada’s own military

21. Alaska Boundary Dispute
In 1903, Canada and the U.S. argued over their boundaries near Alaska

22. Due to the Klondike Gold Rush both countries wanted control of the area’s coastline needed to access the Chilkoot Pass

23. The dispute was settled by a panel of 6 officials ( 3 American, 2 Canadian and 1 British )
The British official sided with the Americans

24. Britain may have wanted the U. S
Britain may have wanted the U. S. as an ally if war broke out with Germany
Canadians felt betrayed

25. The long-term effects were that
more Canadians (even imperialists) began to think that Canada should have more independence from Britain
the dispute increased the Canadian fear of being invaded by the U.S.

26. Naval Service Bill
Britain feared a build up of the German Navy and asked Canada for money to build navy ships

27. Nationalists felt Canada should build its own navy

28. Prime Minister Laurier decided to create the Naval Service Bill in 1910 thus creating Canada’s own navy

29. This navy would help defend Canada from being attacked and also be lent to Britain in times of war

30. The long-term effects of the Naval Service Bill was that
imperialists saw this new navy as a “tin pot navy” since it only had 2 old ships
nationalists thought that the new navy was useless
offering to lend ships to Britain would get Canada involved in Britain’s wars