1. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 1 Super B The Super Flavor Factory David Hitlin DOE Annual Review of Caltech June 29, 2009

2. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 2 Super B – the Super Flavor Factory  The Caltech group led the way in recognizing the importance of continuing e + e - flavor studies substantially beyond the level of B A B AR and Belle  The crucial role that flavor physics will play in understanding New Physics found at the LHC is becoming ever more clear to the community  There is clear discovery potential  Lepton flavor violation  New sources of CP violation  Rare b,c and  decays that will be crucial to interpreting New Physics found at the LHC  Sensitivity to New Physics at scales accessible to the LHC requires a large data sample: 50-75 ab -1 ⇒ luminosity of 10 36 = 15 ab -1 /year  Super B, proposed for construction at or near the INFN Frascati laboratory, can provide this luminosity with low power consumption and manageable backgrounds, using a novel collider concept:  Very low emittance rings, similar to the ILC damping rings and a new final focus scheme – the crabbed waist  The design includes a linearly polarized electron beam (LER), which provides unique capabilities in studies of  production and decay

3. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 3 SuperB Perugia June 2009 3 Antonio Masiero at the June 2009 Perugia Workshop

4. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 4 Primary physics objectives of a Super Flavor Factory  Perform measurements in the flavor sector such that:  If new particles are discovered at LHC we are able to study the flavor structure of the New Physics  If the New Physics scale is beyond the reach of the LHC, explore the New Physics scale More specifically  Is there charged lepton flavor violation (LFV) ?  Are there new CP -violating phases in b,c or  decay ?  Are there new right-handed currents ?  Are there new loop contributions to flavor-changing neutral currents  Are there new Higgs fields ?  Is there new flavor symmetry that elucidates the CKM hierarchy ?  B A B AR provides an excellent base for an upgraded detector that can address these questions in the Super B 10 36 asymmetric e + e - environment

5. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 5 Charm FCNC Charm mixing and CPV B Physics:  (4S)  Physics B s Physics:  (5S)

6. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 6 The Super B machine design is evolving John Seeman – miniMAC April 2009

7. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 7 Crabbed waist beam distribution at the IP Crab sextupoles OFF Crab sextupoles ON waist is orthogonal to the axis of bunch waist moves to the axis of other beam All particles from both beams collide in the minimum  y region, with a net luminosity gain E. Paoloni

8. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 8 Crabbed waist has been convincingly tested at DA  NE

9. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 9 Klaus Balewski (DESY), John Corlett (LBNL), Jonathan Dorfan (SLAC, Chair), Stuart Henderson (ORNL), Tom Himel (SLAC), Claudio Pellegrini (UCLA), Daniel Schulte (CERN), Ferdi Willeke (BNL), Andy Wolski (Liverpool, phone), Frank Zimmermann (CERN) Closeout report of the second miniMAC review - April 24, 2009 …. “Mini-MAC now feels secure in enthusiastically encouraging the Super B design team to proceed to the TDR phase, with confidence that the design parameters are achievable” The design takes as a constraint the re-use of PEP-II magnet and RF components Many details of the design, of course, remain to be worked out. We aim for a TDR at the end of 2010, with an intermediate report by the end of 2009 The March 2009 design has been reviewed by the Super B Machine Advisory Committee

10. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 10

11. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 11 Prospects for Super B  The CERN Strategy Group has “taken note” that the Super B project is consistent with the European HEP roadmap  INFN is working for a funding decision in 2009  The Region of Lazio has committed funds for a tunnel and associated structures, contingent upon Italian central government approval  An excellent bid (15K€/m) for the tunnel + associated structures is in hand  P5 recommended US participation in an overseas B Factory in Scenario B or above  INFN has requested PEP-II and B A B AR components from DOE  The project has published a CDR and a physics update  Work is now underway on comprehensive TDR volumes on the accelerator, detector and physics performance – end of 2010  A Progress Report will be issued by the end of 2009 320 signers 80 institutions

12. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 12 SITES : Tor Vergata……..

13. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 13 LNF option

14. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 14 SuperB Experimental Hall & Transfer Line - +

15. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 15 Caltech’s role in Super B and the US (proto)collaboration  We originated the concept of a 10 36 e + e - collider in February, 2001 and ran a year-long workshop “The Discovery Potential of a Super B Factory at 10 36 Luminosity” in 2003  Caltech has been instrumental in organizing the Super B project and is heavily involved in the TDR activities:  David Hitlin is Deputy Director, a member of the Steering Committee, and has been co-convener of the EMC group  Frank Porter will become co-convener of the EMC group in the Fall  Ren-yuan Zhu is leading development of LYSO crystals for Super B and SLHC  Chih-hsiang Cheng is the fast simulation EMC developer  Alexander Rakitin is optimizing the design of the backward calorimeter  We are playing an important role in preparations for a beam test of an LYSO crystal array of anticipated for November 2009  We will play a leading role in organizing a US detector/physics collaboration when the project is approved by INFN and DOE agrees to US participation  Currently active: Caltech, Cincinnati, LBNL, Maryland, SLAC, ….  We anticipate a US contingent of ~100 members

16. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 16 Rear endcap Possible barrel extension Forward endcap

17. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 17 Fast simulation of 2M B   K s events C.-h. Cheng

18. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 18 B   decay: stringent limits on New Physics A. Rakitin  Search for a lepton from  decay + missing energy, recoiling against reconstructed hadronic B decay  Sensitivity depends on detector hermeticity  BABAR coverage in backward direction is compromised by DIRC PID  This can be substantially improved in Super B by covering backward solid angle with even a crude calorimeter  Progress report:  Signal  Two background modes thus far: E

19. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 19 B   S/B with backward endcap A. Rakitin  S/B is significantly improved for both backgrounds

20. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 20 Ren-yuan Zhu, with ADR funds, has been for several years, working on the development of LYSO crystals for HEP Very attractive for the Super B endcap EMC and the CMS SLHC upgrade

21. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 21 A beam test of the forward EMC endcap configuration in tagged photon and e - beams is planned for LNF in November A 5x5 projective LYSO array will be used with a CsI(Tl) surround to catch the outer few percent of shower CMS APD readout module 2 @ 5mm x 5mm APD will be used (10x10mm APDs are now available) Photodiodes are also under consideration We have borrowed 16 spare CLEO-II CsI(Tl) crystals for the outer section

22. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 22 Is there a fourth quark generation ?  A fourth generation CKM-like mixing matrix has  2 additional quark masses  3 additional mixing angles  2 additional CP -violating phases  A recent analysis by Bobrowski, Lenz, Reidl and Rohrwild shows that large regions of the new parameter spaces are still allowed  Super B will be the primary tool to close down, or, perhaps find, non-zero values of these fourth generation parameters        

23. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 23 LFV in t decays: Super B capability Super B sensitivity directly confronts many New Physics models BABAR Super B sensitivity For 75 ab -1 We expect to see LFV events, not just improve limits

24. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 24 Flipping the helicity of the polarized electron beam allows us to determine the chiral structure of dimension 6 four fermion lepton flavor-violating interactions Polarized  ’s can probe the chiral structure of LFV Dassinger, Feldmann, Mannel, and Turczyk JHEP 0710:039,2007; [See also Matsuzaki and Sanda arXiv:0711.0792 [hep-ph]

25. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 25 Why do we need a very large sample ~75ab -1 ? Im (  13 ) LL Re (  13 ) LL SM Example: CPV in loop B decays Determination of coupling [in this case : (  13 ) LL ] with 10 ab -1 and 75 ab -1

26. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 26  High statistics flavor physics (50-75 ab -1 ) with Super B will provide discovery potential and information vital to interpret New Physics found at LHC  The achievable levels of sensitivity in rare b, c and t decays allow substantial coverage in the parameter space of new physics  Super B presents a strong physics opportunity for the US community  US participation in Super B will leverage $270M of PEP-II and B A B AR components through an in-kind contribution  New funding of $10-20M/year over the TDR and construction period will also be needed to allow US participation in design and construction of the collider and detector upgrade  Such participation in encouraged by P5 in Scenario B and above  We are working towards a turn-on date of 2015/16  The Caltech group can, as it did in PEP-II and B A B AR, play a central role in Super B and the construction of a US contingent of the Collaboration  We are transitioning from the current intense analysis phase of B A B AR into the TDR phase of Super B Conclusions

27. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 27

28. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 28 SuperB + Lattice improvements Interplay between metrology and New Physics sensitivity Today  = ± 0.0028  = ± 0.0024  = 0.163 ± 0.028  = 0.344± 0.016 Improving the precision of Unitarity Triangle measurements, along with reducing theoretical uncertainties, can provide evidence for New Physics

29. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 29 CMSSM :   e  vanishes at all SPS points MVF-NP extensions :   e  vanishes as s 13  0    is independent of s 13 LFV 2 5  disc B B

30. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 30 10 7 B (     M 1/2 SuperB SO(10) MSSM LFV from PMNS LFV from CKM Beyond MFV SUSY GUT now Super B Recent work : J.K.Parry, H.-H. Zhang hep-ph/0710.5443 Allowed by  m s From B s phase now Super B

31. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 31 Flipping the helicity of the polarized electron beam allows us to determine the chiral structure of dimension 6 four fermion lepton flavor-violating interactions Polarized t ’s can probe the chiral structure of LFV Dassinger, Feldmann, Mannel, and Turczyk JHEP 0710:039,2007; [See also Matsuzaki and Sanda arXiv:0711.0792 [hep-ph]

32. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 32 SPS4 is ruled out by exp value of B (B  s  ) SPS1a is the least favorable for flavor effects, but Super B and only Super B can observe 2  deviations in several observables Minimal Flavor Violation : SNOWMASS points

33. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 33 Many channels can show effects in the range  S~(0.01-0.04) New Physics in CPV: sin2  from “s Penguins”… SuperB (*) theory limited dd s b W-W- B0dB0d t s s  K0K0 g s b b s ~ ~ ~ X

34. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 34 1 10 1 10 -1 10 - 2  is measured with a significance >3  away from zero Arg(  23 ) LR =(44.5± 2.6) o = (0.026 ± 0.005) 1 10 g s b b s ~ ~ ~ New Physics contribution (2-3 transitions) MSSM + generic soft SUSY breaking terms Flavor-changing NP effects in the squark propagator  NP scale SUSY mass  flavor-violating coupling X 0.01 0.1

35. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 35 Exhibit B: SM Branching fractions: Current  10ab -1  75ab -1 Actual limit

36. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 36 CP Violation in charm NOW Super B

37. David Hitlin DOE Annual Review June 29, 2009 37 polarized e- beam: reduced background Very important order of magnitude 10 -8  10 -9 Complimentarity with    e  A Super Flavor Factory is also a  factory Lepton Flavor Violation