1. info1409 2006/7 DMU1 Components of a system Systems Analysis & Design Academic Year 2008/9 Lecture 1

2. info1409 2006/7 DMU2 Lecture Objectives This lecture is to introduce you to:  The structure and program of the module  The staff involved with the teaching and learning process  Assessment methods and weightings  The recommended text  General systems theory – (system components)

3. info1409 2006/7 DMU3 By the end of this lecture  Have been introduced to the schedule we will be following this year  Have been introduced to the components of a system  Have been informed about the recommended course text and other resources to help your study.

4. info1409 2006/7 DMU4 Lecturing team Members of staff involved in this module will be listed in the following places:  Blackboard (on line learning resource)  Your timetable  In your tutorial booklet and student handbook This week you will learn who your lecturers are, and how to contact them in your personal tutor session.

5. info1409 2006/7 DMU5 Delivery and Assessment  There will be 1 (1 hour) Lecture per week.  There will be 2 (1 hour) Tutorials in Term 1 and 4 weeks of 1 tutorial and 1 lab in Term 2 Coursework:  There will be 3 Assignments ( 70% of module marks come from your Coursework)  There will be a 2 hour examination for the remaining 30% of module marks.

6. info1409 2006/7 DMU6 Assessment weightings The module is assessed in the following way: 70% Coursework 30% Examination The reason for this is that you will have a variety of activities during the year so all 3 of your coursework assignments will be new and different. Both Coursework and Examination will carry marks from 100% You will get a grade for each and an Overall grade.

7. info1409 2006/7 DMU7 Learning strategies and resources Your Lectures will contain the module content in a condensed form Your tutorials (and lab sessions) are designed to consolidate your learning Activities and assignments will help to develop specialist skills and study skills

8. info1409 2006/7 DMU8 To help you : Handouts will be provided. You will also have on-line facilities –(the University’s ‘Blackboard’ facility). Library facilities are available You have a recommended text book

9. info1409 2006/7 DMU9 Course Team The course team will be working together to support your studies. We would like to welcome you, and hope you will enjoy the module and (of course) succeed.

10. info1409 2006/7 DMU10 Info 1409 Systems Analysis & Design Now we have introduced you to the structure of this module we will begin to introduce you to the module content We begin with general systems theory (i.e. What is a system?)

11. info1409 2006/7 DMU11 What is a system? “An information system is a collection of interrelated components that collect, process, store and provide as output the information needed to complete a business task.” (Satzinger, 2004).

12. info1409 2006/7 DMU12 Information Systems Information systems operate in terms of: Goals ( the desired long/medium term outcomes) Elements – (the required hardware & software) Inputs – (the type and quantity of data) Outputs – (the result of the processing operations)

13. info1409 2006/7 DMU13 Classification of systems Natural Designed physical Designed abstract Human activity E=mc 2

14. info1409 2006/7 DMU14 System Components The following slide shows the components that every system must have in order to function as a system. All systems have ‘input/output/process’ in some form.

15. info1409 2006/7 DMU15 Model of the components of a system System InputsOutputs Environment

16. info1409 2006/7 DMU16 Points to note: Control in systems Systems function within boundaries Systems need controls Control needs control flows and ways to monitor the control flows (feedback and feed-forward flows)

17. info1409 2006/7 DMU17 Control in systems Inputs Outputs Process Control System Boundary Environment Feed- forward Feed- back Control flows

18. info1409 2006/7 DMU18 Systems and Sub systems Systems can also be a collection of ‘sub- systems’ working together to achieve the desired objective The more sub systems within the general boundary, the more complex the system becomes.

19. info1409 2006/7 DMU19 Systems and sub-systems sub-system System

20. info1409 2006/7 DMU20 Information systems involve all of the following Hardware Software Data Processes People The following slide illustrates this relationship..

21. info1409 2006/7 DMU21 Components of an Information system

22. info1409 2006/7 DMU22 Information system components A system is a set of components that produce specific results. For example : “Specialist systems can route Internet connections, manufacture microchips and control complex events like the systems used to send a space vehicle to Mars” (Shelley Cashman – Chapter 1)

23. info1409 2006/7 DMU23 Imagine the systems used to send a space vehicle to explore the planet Mars and send back images to Earth! Fig 1.5 taken from Systems Analysis & Design Shelley Cashman Series Ch. 1 page 5

24. info1409 2006/7 DMU24 Hardware Hardware consists of everything in the physical layer of the information system Hardware can include: Servers Workstations Networks Personal computers Scanners……………etc

25. info1409 2006/7 DMU25 Tutorial time Instructions: You will be allocated as a member of either group A or group B. Your first task is to write down 5 words or phrases from the previous slides. (Try to use words or phrases you are not familiar with)

26. info1409 2006/7 DMU26 Tutorial time Instructions: Now turn to student B (or A) as the case may be. Decide between you on the definitions of (1) Your words and phrases (2) Their words and phrases Only take 5 mins.

27. info1409 2006/7 DMU27 Tutorial feedback You should now have two lists of words or phrases, with definitions. You should also have the benefit of the wisdom of another student. Now is the time for any questions, before moving on…

28. info1409 2006/7 DMU28 Hardware developments Hardware purchasers today face a wide array of technology choices and decisions ‘Moore’s Law’ Almost 40 years ago Moore predicted that computer processing power would double every 18 to 24 months.

29. info1409 2006/7 DMU29 Processors Modern Information Technology systems require power and speed Multiple servers are often used to provide these

30. info1409 2006/7 DMU30 Motorola is an example of a company that produces micro chips (Product orientated Companies provide component parts) Hardware production has created new types of company

31. info1409 2006/7 DMU31 Software “Software refers to the programs that control the hardware and produce the desired information or results” (Chap 1 page 6 – Shelley Cashman & Rosenblat – Recommended course text ‘Systems Analysis & Design 6 th Ed)

32. info1409 2006/7 DMU32 System Software manages the hardware components can include a single workstation or global network supplied by the hardware manufacturer or purchased by the vendor

33. info1409 2006/7 DMU33 Application software Programs that support day to day business functions and provide users with the information they require Include: Order processing systems, payroll systems and company communications.

34. info1409 2006/7 DMU34 Data Data is the raw material that an information system transforms into useful information. An information system can store data in various locations (tables) By linking the tables the system can extract specific information.

35. info1409 2006/7 DMU35 Processes Processes describe the tasks and business functions that users, IT managers and IT staff members perform to achieve specific results Processes are the building blocks of an Information system because they represent day to day business operations

36. info1409 2006/7 DMU36 People The primary purpose of an Information system is to provide valuable information to Users Sometimes called End Users People who interact with the Information System Users depend on skilled professionals (systems analysts, programmers, network administrators etc)

37. info1409 2006/7 DMU37 To Summarise  This lecture has introduced you to the structure of Info 1409 module  It has also introduced you to some basic General systems theory  It has given a brief overview of the components of Information systems  It has introduced you to extracts from the recommended text

38. info1409 2006/7 DMU38 Recommended Reading The set text for this module is Systems Analysis & Design Shelley Cashman & Rosenblatt (6 th Ed) Thomson Course Technology (2006) ISBN 0-619-25510-2 (Reading this week:Ch1 pages 5-8 – listed in your lecture booklet program)