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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Remote Sensing 1 NDACC Workshop Water Vapour Bern, July 3 rd – 5 th, 2006 Microwave Activities at Bremen Sven Golchert IUP, Uni Bremen
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Remote Sensing 2 Outline IUP/UB microwave radiometers WaRAM @ Ny Ålesund (78N, 12E) WaRAM2 @ Mérida (8N, 71W) Summary Ny Ålesund Bremen Mérida
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 3 IUP/UB microwave radiometers ASUR Airborne SUbmillimetre Radiometer first operated in 1991 („SUMAS“) tunable receiver 624 – 632 GHz, 646 – 654 GHz SIS mixer since 1994 T Rec = O(1000 K) O 3, ClO, HCl, N 2 O, HNO 3
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 4 IUP/UB microwave radiometers BreRAM (53°N, 8°E, sea level) Bremen Radiometer for Atmospheric Measurements first operated in 2000 monitors 110 GHz O 3 emission uncooled Schottky mixer T Rec = 3000 K
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 5 IUP/UB microwave radiometers RAMAS Radiometer for Atmospheric Measurements at Summit first operated in 2003 tunable receiver 265 – 280 GHz SIS mixer T Rec = 360 K O 3, ClO, HNO 3, N 2 O
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 6 IUP/UB microwave radiometers RAM (79°N, 12°E, sea level) Radiometer for Atmospheric Measurements first operated in 1993 monitors 142 GHz O 3 emission cooled Schottky, T Rec = 1000 K ClORAM first operated in 1996 monitors 204 GHz ClO emission cooled Schottky, T Rec = 1000 K
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 7 WaRAM Outline Site Instrument Existing Data Retrieval Problems
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 8 WaRAM: Site Koldewey-Station, Ny Ålesund 79°N, 12°E, sea level NDACC Primary Arctic Station Large synergy of measurements Daily Balloon sondes FTS DOAS UV/B Spectrometer LIDAR Sun/Moon/Star Photometers
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 9 WaRAM: Instrument Total Power calibration all parts inside laboratory elevation angles 12° - 60° AOS ( =1.4 MHz) Filter Bank ( =0.1 MHz) CTS ( =*** MHz)
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 10 WaRAM: Existing Data WaRAM Data Availability
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 11 WaRAM: Profile Retrieval K Lindner (2002) June 24, 2001 15.00-18.00 UTC June 24, 2001 20.30-0.15 UTC June 25, 2001 0.45-4.30 UTC WaRAM Measurements June 24-26, 2001
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 12 WaRAM: Previous Retrievals I Wohltmann (2002) Integrated Water Vapour above Ny Ålesund
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 13 WaRAM: Retrieval Ideas balloon soundings -> better a-priori joint retrieval of tropospheric background – other microwave data – FTIR – further sensors as applicable
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 14 WaRAM: Problems Standing Waves WaRAM power calibrated spectra, 13/May/02, 0:20-1:00 UTC
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 15 WaRAM: Problems Standing Waves WaRAM power calibrated spectra, 13/May/02, 0:20-1:00 UTC
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 16 WaRAM: Problems Cold Calibration Load No temperature monitoring Liquid nitrogen is oxygen contaminated
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 17 WaRAM2 Outline Site Instrument Existing Data Retrieval
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 18 WaRAM2: Site MARS Station, Mérida 8°N, 71°W, 4760 m a.s.l. Two microwave sensors Sun Photometer FTS? LIDAR??
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 19 WaRAM2: Instrument Total Power calibration all parts inside laboratory elevation angles 12° - 60° AOS spectrometer ( =1.4 MHz)
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 20 WaRAM2: Existing Data WaRAM2 Available Data
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 21 WaRAM2: Retrieval use 300 Mhz bandwidth only calc. stratospheric contribution (two layer model) manually correct for standing waves M Quack (2004) Comparison WaRAM2 / HALOE, 2004
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Radiometry 22 Summary IUP/UB operates two water vapour profiling radiometers one in the Arctic, one in the Tropics Further investigation neccessary to yield reliable profile retrieval
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Sven Golchert Institute for Environmental Physics Ground-based Microwave Remote Sensing 23
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