1. QoS Constraint Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc
Igli Tafaj

2. Introduction Which is the aim of this paper…? What is MANET?
Classification of Multicast Routing Protocol?
What is MAODV?

3. Some QoS Multicast Routing Protocols
QAMNet
QMR
QMRP
AQM

4. The dynamism of Routing Protocols
TAG REQ_PKT FLAG_FW
Path selection depend on:
Stability of neighbours node
Power level (batery)
Buffer Level (overhead)
Each forwarding packet should have a reply, in which could determine the appropriate selected path

5. MAODV-Extension Route Discovery Path Selection Hop Count Power Level
Buffer Level
Stability Level
Cost
Class

6. L2QoS The selection of path based on QoS metrics
The metrics depends entirely on MAC Sub layer (Layer_2)
On these metrics supported MAODV
MAODV – Extended based on some featuring of Network and Application metrics mixed
Network Metrics depends on maximum hop count metric
Application Metrics depends on cost of some concave and additive metrics like: Bandwidth, Delay etc

7. Experiment Envirement
Operating System: Linux Red Hat 9.0
NS2 version: ns-allinone-2.26
The simulation environment is:
1) Area: 1500 x 300 meters;
2) Number of nodes: 60;
3) Simulation duration: 900 seconds;
4) Number of repetitions: 4;
5) Physical/Mac Layer: IEEE at 2Mbps, 250 meter transmission range;

8. Experiment Envirement
6) Mobility model: random waypoint model with no pause time, and node movement speed 0m/s, 1m/s or 20m/s.
7) Each sender sends 2 multicast data packets per second with each packet 256 bytes long;

9. Experiment Envirement
8) All receivers join a single multicast group at the beginning of the simulation, and the senders start sending data 30 seconds later. After 900 seconds, all senders stop transmitting data;
9) Only multicast traffic exists in the simulation.

10. Implementation Network Layer Metrics:
Power: power=min(path.power, power)
Buffer: path.buffer=hop*path.buffer+buffer/hop+1
Stability: path.stab=max(path.stab,stab)
Application Layer Metric:
Throughput=total no.of bit*8 (from the Start time-End time)

11. Average end-to-end delay vs speed
Simulation Graphs
Average end-to-end delay vs speed
PDR vs Speed

12. Average end-to-end delay vs speed
Simulation Graphs
PDR vs Nr of Nodes
Average end-to-end delay vs speed

13. Throughput vs Nr of Nodes
Simulation Graphs
Throughput vs Nr of Nodes
PDR vs Nr of Nodes

14. Conclusions
QoS-MAODV, the multicast routing protocol is the extension of MAODV with the QoS support
The network layer metrics is involved in the path discovery to find a QoS path to the destination.
The path with the highest stability is the preferred path. If more than one path is found the destination node selected the path with the highest power level.

15. Conclusions
Regarding the application requirements, if the application is delay sensitive then the path with the minimum delay is chosen
For the application with throughput constrained the path with maximum bandwidth is selected
With no constraint any path is chosen by the destination.

16. Conclusions
The protocol balanced the routing load and also minimized the consumption of resources.
As a future work, different number of flows can be analyzed with different network scenarios.