1. Country Presentation: National Overview
The Kingdom of Denmark The Kingdom of Sweden The Kingdom of Finland
Scott Swisher

3. Geography / Demographics
Denmark
Sweden
Finland
Total Area
43,094 km²
449,964 km²
338,144 km²
% Water
1.6%
8.67%
9.4%
Population
5,432,335
9,001,774
5,233,442
Population Density
125 ppl/km²
20 ppl/km²
17.1 ppl/km²
Population Growth Rate
0.34%
0.17%
0.16%

4. Demographics Denmark Sweden Finland 2.53/1000 1.67/1000 0.89/1000
Net Migration Rate
2.53/1000
1.67/1000
0.89/1000
Life Expectancy
77.62 years
80.4 years
78.35 years
Ethnic Groups
Scandinavian, Inuit, Faroese, German, Turkish, Iranian, Somali
Swedes, Finnish, Sami, Finns, Yugoslavs, Danes, Norwegians, Greeks, Turks
Finn 93.4%
Swede 5.7% Russian 0.4% Estonian 0.2% Roma 0.2%
Sami 0.1%

5. Economic Statistics Denmark Sweden Finland GDP (PPP) $174.4 bil.
GDP/capita
$32,200
$28,400
$29,000
GDP growth
2.1%
3.6% 3%
GDP by sector
Agri: 2.2%
Ind: 25.5%
Serv: 72.3%
Agri: 2%
Ind: 29%
Serv: 69%
Agri: 3.3%
Ind: 30.2%
Serv: 66.5%

6. Economic Statistics, Cont.
Denmark
Sweden
Finland
Inflation Rate
1.4%
0.7%
Unemployment Rate
6.2%
5.6%
8.9%
Gov’t Revenue
$136.1 bil.
$201.3 bil.
$96.43 bil.
Gov’t Expenditure
$133.4 bil.
$199.6 bil.
$91.95 bil.
Gov’t Balance
+ $2.7 bil.
+ $1.7 bil.
+ $4.48 bil.

7. Economic Statistics Cont. 2
Denmark
Sweden
Finland
Outstanding Public Debt
(% of GDP)
42.5%
51.6%
46.8%
Current Account Balance
$6.529 bil.
$24.08 bil.
$11.39 bil.
Joined EU in
1973
1995

8. European Monetary Union
Denmark – no to EMU
Gov’t has met convergence criteria for 3rd stage.
Decision to not use the euro reconfirmed in Sept referendum.
Danish currency, krone, is pegged to the euro.
Sweden – no to EMU
Easily meets convergence criteria for 3rd stage.
Decided not to join eurozone in 1997.
In September 2003 a euro referendum failed by 8%.

9. European Monetary Union Cont.
Finland – yes to EMU
One of 11 countries to join eurozone on 1 Jan
The markka, the national currency, was replaced by the euro in early 2002.
Rapidly integrating with the EU and Western Europe.

10. Fiscal Policy : The EU budget

11. Fiscal Policy Cont.

12. Net Payments to the EU (Contributions – Receipts)
Million Euro

13. Common Agricultural Policy / Subsidies
Agricultural Interests
Denmark: Fishing, food processing, meat, grain, hides, seeds, net exporter.
Sweden: Grain, sugarbeets, potatoes, pig production, dairy, especially milk.
Finland: Grain, meat, fishing, dairy products, extensive rural agriculture.
Subsidies
Denmark: Future reductions in CAP fishing subsidy being planned.
Sweden: Limited growing ability countered by area aid, livestock premiums, environmental subsidy.
Finland: Harsh conditions, short growing season require long-run subsidy.
Demark: net exporter of food products
Sweden: milk is ¼ of agricultural production value

14. Social Policy Social Welfare Immigration
Denmark: Extensive welfare safety net including national pension, large public sector, unemployment benefits through trade unions.
Sweden: Archetypical welfare state with extensive child-care and social welfare systems, union unemployment benefits.
Finland: Child day care, smaller national pension, smaller health care benefit.
Immigration
Denmark: Increasing immigration induces anti-immigration legislation from conservative elements.
Sweden: Large immigrant population from Finland, Serbia, Bosnia, allow relatively free immigration flows.
Finland: Limited immigration flows gradually increasing, almost all native population.
Denmark and Sweden : unemployment benefits through trade unions

15. External Relations Denmark Sweden Finland
Exports: $66.2 bil., Imports: $56.4 bil., trading partners: Germany (21%), Sweden (13%), UK (8%).
Supporter of US, sometimes reluctant supporter of EU.
Sweden
Exports: $102.8 bil., Imports: $83.27 bil., major trading partners: US, EU, Norway, and the UK.
Heavy participation in UN and NATO peacekeeping efforts.
Finland
Exports: $57.7 bil., sold to EU (53%), US (8%), Russia (8%).
Imports: $45.6 bil., from EU (55%), Russia (11.9%), US (5%).
Political ties to Russia, Sweden, and Norway.