1. Evaluating Non-Visual Feedback Cues for Touch Input Device Selina Sharmin Selina.Sharmin@uta.fi Project for the course New Interaction Techniques Spring 2003

2. Introduction to the problem: Texture plays an important role in displaying images and forming subjective impression about natural objects and simulated surfaces Development of haptic communication and appearance of input device with tactile feedback provide scope to investigate systematically how people perceive the world indirectly through the use of various intermediate objects Texture may be used efficiently as tactile output of textual and graphic information for people who can not see well. Blind manipulations in different situations when vision is occupied by another task or visual field is hidden or in some situations when the user eyes cannot leave a primary focus point Surface of touch input devices are not always convincing as sensible markers

3. Background The tactile feedback is the quickest one for a target selection task under five different sensory feedback conditions involving normal, auditory, color, tactile, and combined [MacKenzie et al]. Tactile feedback allows user to use a wider area of the target and to select targets more quickly once the cursor is inside the target [MacKenzie et al]. An application ifeelpixel [http://www.ifeelpixel.com/ ] is designed to create tactile sensation based on picturehttp://www.ifeelpixel.com/ Supplementing visual and audio feedback, touch gives users an improved perceptual experience [http://www.ifeelpixel.com/supportimmersion/background/backgro und.htm ]……..http://www.ifeelpixel.com/supportimmersion/background/backgro und.htm

4. Objectives in general The project aims at developing new techniques for human computer interaction through touch input device In particular doing comparative research to evaluate non- visual feedback cues - tactile and sound during navigation in a Maze

5. Schedule: The schedule of the project: Project activityTimeResult Study the topic (tactile perceptive features & methods for simulation virtual textures) Week 1-2Brief survey for introduction software designingWeek 3-5Software Usability testingWeek 6Data collection and analysis Project reportWeek 7-8Project paper

6. Research methods: Brief scientific survey within the field of human interface technology and cognitive psychology including tactile perception features Constructive research to design and simulate the new techniques, software tools and algorithms for evaluation of user behaviours in a dynamic navigational task with tactile and sound feedback

7. Experiment & procedure 8 participants to test each type of non-visual feedbacks in 2 sessions per 10 trials The experiment will be conducted with a tactile pen/mouse over a maze on the ELO touch screen The participants will go through the maze with the pen/mouse and they needs to close their eyes. If the mouse moves correctly the participants will receive one type of tactile or sound feedback; if they cross the maze line, the participants will receive another type of tactile and sound feedback accordingly and those will be considered as error. User performance: time & errors will be counted until the participant reach the end position of the maze.

8. Resources Design of the maze will be something like as below: http://www.elotouch.com/

9. Resources

10. Experimental setup: A software which will have the maze, timer and error counter. iFeel MouseMan, a tactile mouse to get tactile feedback or a tactile pen prototype ELO touch screen for usability testing

11. Prospective applications The results of the project can be used both for development of information kiosks, novel pen input devices, haptic interfaces and for special applications for people with special needs.

12. References: 1.Akamatsu M., MacKenzie S., and Hasbrouc T. (1995), A comparison of Tactile, Auditory, and Visual Feedback in a Pointing Task Using a Mouse-Type Device. Ergonomics, 38, 816 – 827. 2.Chavas, M. (1996) Discrimination tactile de textures, in Int. Conf. "New technologies in the education of the visually handicaped" (ed. D. Burger), Colloque INSERM, V. 237, Posters, Paris. 3.Hollins, M., Bensmaia, S. & Risner, R. (1998). The duplex theory of tactile texture perception. In Proceedings of the International Society for Psychophysics, 4th Annual Meeting, 115-120. 4.Klatzky, R. L., & Lederman, S. J. (1999). Tactile perception with a rigid link from surface to skin. Perception & Psychophysics, 61(4), 591-607. 5.Lederman, S. J. (1983). Tactual roughness perception: Spatial and temporal determinants. Canadian Journal of Psychology, 37, 498-511. 6.Lederman, S. J., & Klatzky, R. L. (1999). Sensing and displaying spatially distributed fingertip forces in haptic interfaces for teleoperator and virtual environment systems. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 8, 86- 103. 7.Lederman, S. J., Loomis, J. M., & Williams, D. A. (1982). The role of vibration in the tactual perception of roughness. Perception & Psychophysics, 32, 109-116. 8.Taylor, M. M. & Lederman, S. J. (1975). Tactile roughness of grooved surfaces: A model and the effect of friction. Perception & Psychophysics, 17, 23-36.

13. Thank you