1. Notes
Grading Scale now posted on website

2. Generalizing Results

3. GENERALIZING TO OTHER POPULATIONS OF RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS
College Students
Volunteers
Gender Considerations
Locale
Generalization as a Statistical Interaction

4. Generalization as a Statistical InteractionB
Low High
Low
High
Crowding
Aggression
Low High
Low
High
Crowding
Aggression
Males
Males
Females
Females
Low High
Low
High
Crowding
Aggression C
Low High
Low
High
Crowding
Aggression D
Males
Males
Females
Females

5. GENERALIZING TO OTHER POPULATIONS OF RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS
In Defense of College Students and Rats
Is there a sound reason that results from college students wouldn’t generalize?
Replication
The point of using rats is to generalize to humans

6. CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
Until recently experiments conducted with college students in the U.S. were primarily White and reflected college student population
Today most samples of college students are ethnically diverse matching the more modern diverse population in college

7. CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS
Important to be aware of the ways in which the operational definitions of the constructs that we study are grounded in a particular cultural meaning

8. GENERALIZING TO OTHER EXPERIMENTERS
The Experimenter’s influence on subjects needs to be constant throughout the experiment
Personality
Gender
Experience

9. PRETESTS AND GENERALIZATION
Should a Pretest Be Given?
Enables Researcher to Assess Mortality Effects

10. GENERALIZING FROM LABORATORY FINDINGS
Mundane and Experimental Realism
Mundane: Whether the experiment bears similarity to events that occur in the real world
Experimental: Whether the experiment has an impact on the participants, involves them, and makes them take the experiment seriously

11. THE IMPORTANCE OF REPLICATIONS
Exact Replications
An attempt to replicate precisely the procedures of a study to see whether the same results are obtained
Conceptual Replications
The use of different procedures to replicate a research finding

12. EVALUATING GENERALIZATIONS VIA LITERATURE REVIEWS AND META-ANALYSIS
Literature Review Provides Information That:
Summarizes what has been found
Tells the reader what findings are strongly supported and those that are only weakly supported in the literature
Points out inconsistent findings and areas in which research is lacking
Discusses future directions for research

13. EVALUATING GENERALIZATIONS VIA LITERATURE REVIEWS AND META-ANALYSIS
Meta-analysis: method for determining the reliability of a finding by examining the results from many different studies
Researcher combines actual results