1. When Work Disappears The World of the new urban poor William Julius Wilson Lindsey Boyett Erin Miller Amy Pitlik Politics 367 May 14, 2004 Dr. Craig Allin

6. As An Outsider Looking In: Class Participation Poll Is joblessness due to: fatherless households? Drugs? Violent crime? Welfare? Behavioral patterns? All of the above?

7. William Julius Wilson Background History (b. Dec. 20, 1935, Derry Township, Penn., U.S.), African-American sociologist whose views on race and urban poverty helped shape U.S. public policy and academic discourse. In two seminal works, Wilson maintained that class divisions and global economic changes, more than racism, created a large black underclass. In When Work Disappears: The World of the New Urban Poor (1996), he showed how chronic joblessness deprived those in the inner city of skills necessary to obtain and keep jobs.

8. New Urban Poverty Methodology Who Are the New Urban Poor? Economic, Social, & Political Factors

9. Methodology Urban poverty and family life study Statistical Data Anecdotal Evidence

10. Who are the New Urban Poor? Individuals who live in poor, segregated neighborhoods home to a substantial amount of unemployed adults. African Americans are disproportionately disadvantaged due to their degree of segregation, isolation, & poverty concentration

11. Economic Factors Deindustrialization Expansion of high skill jobs, loss of manufacturing sector Loss of inner-city jobs to suburban market

12. Social Factors Strength of social organization Level of residential participation/responsibility Strength of formal institutions and informal networks

13. Political Factors Federal Housing Policy Minimum Wage Poverty Threshold Welfare

14. The Social Policy Challenge Current Policies Obstacles surrounding better public policy The Future of policy recommendations

15. Current Policies Welfare Healthcare Affirmative action

16. Obstacles inhibiting better public policy Ethnic collisions Exportation of jobs White based ideas

17. The future of policy recommendations Reshaping welfare Halting racial segregation Relationships Cities and suburbs Employment, family support, education

18. Concluding Thoughts and Perspectives With the disappearance of work, self- efficacy fails and jobless rates will skyrocket. No matter how far you are down the road, getting discouraged will only set you back halfway. “Life is what you make it. No one is going to give you something for nothing” Current political situations should enable us to address social inequality in America.

19. Conclusion Continued One has not succeeded in America unless one can pass the chance for success on to one’s children. We must break the cycle of joblessness to improve future generations for the new labor market and global economy.