1. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 1 US CMS Silicon Tracker US LHC Detector Maintenance and Operations Evaluation Group Meeting Joe Incandela University of California Santa Barbara US CMS Silicon Tracker Project Manager January 28, 2005 Outline: Project overview and Status Schedule and Project Completion Installation and Commissioning, Maintenance and Operations R&D for upgrades

2. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 2 US CMS Tracker Group Brown University R. Hooper, G. Landsberg, C. Nguyen, H. Nguyen University of California, Riverside (UCR) P. Gartung, G. Hanson, G.Y. Jeng, G. Pasztor University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) A. Affolder, S. Burke, C. Campagnari, F. Garberson, D. Hale, J. Incandela, P. Kalavase, S. Kyre, J. Lamb, R. Taylor, D. Stuart, D. White + technicians University of Illinois, Chicago (UIC) E. Chabalina, C. Gerber, L. Nigra, T. Ten Fermilab (FNAL) M. Demarteau, A. Ronzhin, K. Sogut, L. Spiegel, S. Tkaczyk + technicians University of Kansas (KU) P. Baringer, A. Bean, L. Christofek, D. Coppage Mexican Consortium: Cinvestav: H. Castilla, R. Perez, A. Sanchez Puebla: E. Medel, H. Salazar San Luis Potosi: A. Morelos University of Rochester (UR) R.Demina, R. Eusebi, E. Halkiadakis, A. Hocker, S. Korjenevski, P. Tipton 20 joined group this past year – more needed at UCSB 10 left the group (includes KSU) 20 joined group this past year – more needed at UCSB 10 left the group (includes KSU)

3. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 3 US Responsibilities 5.4 m 2.4 m Outer Barrel (TOB) ~105 m 2 End Caps (TEC) 50% Modules for Rings 5,6,7 and hybrid processing Rings 2,5,6,7

4. ROD INTEGRATION Aachen Karlsruhe Strasbourg ZurichWien PETALS INTEGRATION Aachen Brussels Karlsruhe Louvain LyonStrasbourg Brussels Wien Lyon TECassembly TECassembly CERN Frames: Brussels Sensors: factories Hybrids: Strasbourg Pitch adapter: Brussels Hybrid: CF carrier TK ASSEMBLY At CERN Louvain Strasbourg Pisa PerugiaWien BariPerugia BariFirenzeTorinoPisaPadova TIB-TID INTEGRATION FNAL UCSB TOBassembly TIB-IDassembly At CERN PisaAachenKarlsruhe.--> Lyon Karlsruhe Pisa Sensor QAC Module assembly Bonding & testing Sub-assemblies FNAL US in the tracker Integration into mechanics RU FNAL UCSB

5. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 5 Components Overview Stockpiling Parts Now Sensors (500  m thick) SGS Thomson (ST) ↔ Problems/production contract closed Hamamatsu (HPK) Excellent quality ↔ stockpiling Sensor Frames from Belgium/Pakistan: nearly complete Problems appear to all be worked out for now Hybrids from Cicorel/Hybrid SA/CERN ↔ critical path Several design flaws and processing quality issues uncovered. Technical problems solved ↔ delivery rate/stability to be seen Rod Frames from Helsinki/CERN ↔ stockpiling

6. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 6 7.Corrosion Passivation (1 µm) Aluminum (2 µm) Triple oxide layer (1.5 µm) Aluminum corrosion As of July ’04 micro-corrosions of the aluminum surface: Humidity reacts with Phosphorus (present in a 4% concentration into the passivation oxide) and forms an acid (probably H 3 PO 4 ), that corrodes a superficial layer of Aluminum. Discovered by Strasbourg and Karlsruhe then confirmed by STM (this slide)

7. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 7 Current HPK schedule

8. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 8 Cu Example of a good via Example of a bad via Bad Cables and Good Vias and Bad Vias Flex cable fragility

9. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 9 US Preparations Good parts in large quantities are now arriving Deliveries will probably not be smooth Meeting the schedule will require Higher peak production rates Robust and stable production lines Previous module rate in US is 15/day/site US has built ~900 modules and ~40 Rods Good understanding of our capabilities Rates now possible: FNAL: 18/day sustainable and 21-24/d peak UCSB: 21/d sustainable and 27-30/d peak Extended work day will be required

10. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 10 SST Schedule TOB module/Rod Completion: Jan. 2006 An aggressive schedule

11. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 11 Project end & Transition to M&O We assume we will be needed to cover at least half of the effort of installation and commissioning (I&C) of the TOB. Installation/testing of rods in wheels (05-06). 2 FTE Sr. Physicists, 7 Post-docs & students. Testing modules on rods before installation. Limited system tests. 1 FTE Engineer (base). Rod & Module repairs, cooling system, mechanics. Laboratory space and equipment for testing and repairs. For maintenance and operation (M&O) of the TOB we need a team to provide support in all 6 areas of operation. In FY07, large M&O support team must be in place. We estimate 13 physicists at CERN together with continued engineering and technical support & associated M&S and operating costs for maintaining a small laboratory space for testing.

12. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 12 M&O for Tracker Outer Barrel* 1.Operation 3-4 phys., 1 tech. 24/7 on-call to avoid dead time. Includes Leadership: to organize overall effort, make executive decisions for effort allocation and interpretation of diagnostics results. Interface with experiment and rest of CMS admin. (1 FTE of overhead). 2.DAQ – 2-3 phys., 0.5-1.0 Eng., 2 tech. Front end and upper level modules. FEDs and EB managers. Diagnostics, testing, repairs, re-testing, swapping of critical DAQ modules. 3.Radiation protection and cooling 2-3 phys. 0.5-1.0 engineer, 1-2 tech. Monitoring, repair. System issues: cooling tech present at all times dealing with problems as they arise. 4. Power supplies. 1-2 phys, 1-2 tech. Startup crucial. Techs needed for testing all supplies prior to installation, then retest after installation. Safety interlock issue. A serious ongoing maintenance issue. 5.Monitoring and calibration databases 1-2 physicists at CERN. Need some resident presence for calibrations. CDF does this remotely and sees remote calibration control to be a serious problem. We expect a much larger population (possibly students) will work remotely. Need to catch problems in data and in calibration techniques. Significant effort to maintain good channel list. 6.Alignment 1-2 phys., ½ tech. Laser alignment runs, hardware maintenance. Offline alignment and monitoring of alignment constants. *Based upon Run 2 Tevatron silicon experience 6 Main areas of operation have been defined in Tevatron M&O

13. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 13 M&O Cost Estimate

14. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 14 US CMS SITRK M&O Resources Manpower on Base Post-docs, students, and one engineer.. Post-docs all redirected from other programs or the production effort. Current poll of the US tracker collaboration indicates there are more post-docs and students available for redirection than we intend to deploy to CERN Manpower on Project All technicians and additional engineering.

15. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 15 Experience matters Impact of a 10% cut in FY07 and beyond May be possible to ramp down US involvement starting in FY09 but… First 2 years of operation (FY07-08) will be critical years Difficult problems will have to be solved and will require the most experienced people Establish all steady state operations of the tracker Diagnosis and classification of 100’s of failure modes and problems Detailed operating procedures & training guidelines Refine all monitoring, calibration and alignment methods 10% cut means an equivalent reduction of experienced US manpower. Current uncertainties make it difficult to argue strongly that we could not absorb such a cut. On the other hand, Tevatron experience tells us to prepare as strong a team as possible

16. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 16 Upgrade R&D Issues CMS silicon has limited lifetime. 10 years of operation (we hope). Further, possibly higher luminosity running will require more rad-hard silicon than currently exists. R&D for current silicon took many years. We need to be involved in future efforts at the level of prototyping and testing silicon or silicon-alternative designs. 65k$ per year M&S FY04 spent 90k$ for NRE and new sensor production Demina (Rochester) Bortoletto (Purdue)

17. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 17 Summary & Conclusions US Groups now responsible for building and testing more than half of the CMS tracker We have lost a year due to component problems. Expanded capacity to recover schedule Components now ok – deliveries need to ramp up. Based on CDF/D0 experience, significant resources will be needed for I&C and M&O. We estimate 13 scientists plus engineering and technical support to allow US to have significant involvement in all aspects of operations

18. Additional Information

19. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 19 CMN effect features: Few strips cause all 128 channels to show high noise Later: 2 nd chip develops CMN Situation as of early‘04 1. Common Mode Noise (CMN)

20. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 20 Mechanics:Tracker Outer Barrel 0.9 m Full Prototype Wheel (for MSGCs) Final Cylinders at CERN Rods before/after modules installed

21. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 21 Test beam tracks in TOB Rods

22. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 22 S/N > 32 Test Beam Results

23. MEG Review at FNAL, Jan. 28, 2005 : CMS Si Tracker Project: J. Incandela 23 Response to April ‘03 Review “The manpower and M&O cost estimate for the TOB are internally consistent, but should be reviewed by the collaboration management to see if adequate resources are available within U.S. CMS or the CMS collaboration at large, given the CDF Run II experience. ” Response: Our main goal is to have at least the minimum required to have a continuous presence in all 6 areas of operation of the microstrip tracker. We do not need to have more than this because all other tracker subsystems will provide manpower and the operation of the tracker as a whole will be shared by everyone, due to the commonality of the electronics from front-end to DAQ. Note however, we do not want to have less than this since we could not have significant involvement in all of the main areas of operation. Finally, several new groups have joined and we will encourage them to add some support to our presence at CERN.