1. Multimedia for the Web: Creating Digital Excitement Multimedia Element — Video

2. Chapter 9 2 Multimedia for the Web Discuss the Use of Video on the Web Discuss the Different Types of Video Analyze the Factors That Determine Video Quality Chapter Concepts

3. Chapter 9 3 Multimedia for the Web Examine Digital Video Sources and Production Explore Video Editing Software Discover Digital Video File Formats and Codecs for the Web Chapter Concepts

4. Chapter 9 4 Multimedia for the Web Video images are combined to convey a desired message just as words are used to create sentences, paragraphs, and stories With desktop tools, users can manipulate video and create high-quality images at a fraction of the cost of professional equipment Introduction

5. Chapter 9 5 Multimedia for the Web Inclusion of video on Web pages requires broader bandwidth Video can be exported in a wide range of Web formats using a number of different compression schemes designed to make the file small for easier online delivery Introduction

6. Chapter 9 6 Multimedia for the Web Discuss the Use of Video on the Web Video is effective because multiple senses involved; enhances learning Many companies use video to train and retrain their employees Training videos can be quickly updated as technology changes

7. Chapter 9 7 Multimedia for the Web Discuss the Use of Video on the Web Video often used in education because it accommodates different learning styles Web sites designed to entertain are more likely to include video clips than are other types of sites

8. Chapter 9 8 Multimedia for the Web Analog Video Analog video is generally linear; it has a beginning, a middle, and an end and is recorded as a signal Because videotape is linear, you must either fast-forward or rewind to get to the video segment you are interested in viewing or digitizing

9. Chapter 9 9 Multimedia for the Web Analog Video Videodiscs or laser discs also use analog technology; however, unlike videotape, they do provide a random access feature Before analog video can be used in a multimedia Web site, it must be converted to a digital format

10. Chapter 9 10 Multimedia for the Web Analog Video Video capture cards are used to convert analog video to a digital format

11. Chapter 9 11 Multimedia for the Web Analog Video Analog formats include the following: –VHS: Most common video format found –S-VHS is a higher quality format than VHS, but slightly lower quality than Hi-8 –Hi-8 is the highest quality analog video format found in the consumer market –Betacam SP is a high-quality, analog video format used in professional video editing

12. Chapter 9 12 Multimedia for the Web Digital Video Video that is already in digital format DV standard: International standard created by a consortium of 10 companies for storing digital video DV cameras use a tape that stores the video and sound in a digital format

13. Chapter 9 13 Multimedia for the Web Digital Video Digital formats include the following: –D1: Not suitable for video –D2, D3: Format used for professional video editors and television studios –DV: Sony’s digital video recording format that has been set as the standard by the major producers of digital video camera technologies

14. Chapter 9 14 Multimedia for the Web Digital Video DVD (Digital Versatile Disc), also called Digital Video Disc can be used to store digital video Tremendous storage capacity ranging from 4.7 GB to 17 GB Can store up to 4 hours of digital video Quality of video on DVD is clear and sharp

15. Chapter 9 15 Multimedia for the Web Use video when and where it is appropriate Keep your audience and delivery method in mind when designing video for a Web page Sound and Video clips should match or complement one another Guidelines for Using Video on the Web

16. Chapter 9 16 Multimedia for the Web Keep video files at an appropriate size so they can be played on standard equipment to reach a wider audience Use high-quality video footage that lends credibility and a professional feel to Web site Guidelines for Using Video on the Web

17. Chapter 9 17 Multimedia for the Web Use different characters to add interest Set up your video files to go with the graphic, animation, sound elements Do not overuse transitions Trim footage inconsistent with purpose Properly place and time video clips to create consistency Guidelines for Using Video on the Web

18. Chapter 9 18 Multimedia for the Web Frame Rate Source frame rate: Speed at which the video is recorded Playback frame rate: Speed at which individual frames display Video is a sequence of individual images or frames displayed fast enough to create the illusion of motion

19. Chapter 9 19 Multimedia for the Web Frame Rate For smooth and consistent playback, source frame rate and playback frame rate should be identical; generally, somewhere between 15 to 30 frames per second (fps) Frames displayed at a slower rate appear choppy

20. Chapter 9 20 Multimedia for the Web Factors that determine the resolution of video include: –Aspect ratio: Ratio of width to height in the dimensions of a frame –The frame size for playing video is expressed in horizontal and vertical pixel dimensions such as 800 by 600 pixels –Bit depth: Number of bits used to describe the color of a single pixel Resolution

21. Chapter 9 21 Multimedia for the Web The higher the resolution, the larger the size of the file In addition to frame rate and resolution, bandwidth, processor speed, memory, and monitor size are important considerations for Web- based video delivery Resolution

22. Chapter 9 22 Multimedia for the Web Video Sources –Stock video footage from a third party, such as a freelance videographer or stock videography company –After you find the stock video footage or clip video for your project, be sure to carefully check the applicable licensing agreements Examine Digital Video Sources and Production

23. Chapter 9 23 Multimedia for the Web Involves visualizing and sketching each scene on a storyboard Scripts serve as the story that will be told with the video camera A flowchart specifies where video will be included based on choices selected by the user Pre-Production

24. Chapter 9 24 Multimedia for the Web Video footage is acquired, recorded, and digitized if the original video footage is not already in a digital form Import the clips into video editing program Specify settings: frame size, output file type, compression format, resolution Production

25. Chapter 9 25 Multimedia for the Web Process video after it is captured In most video editing programs, several different tracks are used to store video information Post-Production

26. Chapter 9 26 Multimedia for the Web Timecode track used to synchronize all of the components Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) measures video in hours, minutes, seconds, and frames Video on the Web can either be downloaded or streamed Post-Production

27. Chapter 9 27 Multimedia for the Web After video has been successfully recorded, digitized, and processed it is ready to be incorporated into a Web site If you plan to stream the video from the server, you will need to post your Web site with a Web hosting company that supports streaming Post-Production

28. Chapter 9 28 Multimedia for the Web Explore Video Editing Software Web designers and developers can use video editing tools to digitize motion graphics and put messages and stories on the Web Adobe, Avid, and Apple are three well-known companies offering mid-range and high-end desktop video editing packages

29. Chapter 9 29 Multimedia for the Web Adobe Premiere Award-winning software solutions for editing and compositing video for Web Adobe Premiere: affordable, highly rated, non-linear, video-editing program Premiere based on open architecture; designed to be compatible with numerous software programs, extensions, and file formats

30. Chapter 9 30 Multimedia for the Web Adobe After Effects Compositing software program full of tools that can help create special effects for Adobe Premiere projects Adobe After Effects can combine an unlimited number of layers from files imported from a variety of other graphics and animation programs

31. Chapter 9 31 Multimedia for the Web Apple Quick Time Pro Software-based, video-editing system Provides a comprehensive, flexible, integrated set of media services to creators/developers working with video Work with a variety of different audio, video, and image formats

32. Chapter 9 32 Multimedia for the Web iMovie Video-editing package Using familiar drag and drop, copy, cut, and paste functions, use iMovie to trim unwanted footage and to arrange video clips in any sequence

33. Chapter 9 33 Multimedia for the Web Apple Final Cut Pro Feature-rich, non-linear, video-editing application by Apple Can take full advantage of extensive text features and create innovative, professional quality, fully animated titles

34. Chapter 9 34 Multimedia for the Web Avid Premier provider of digital tools for film, video, audio, and broadcast Avid offers a number of creative tools that enable designers and developers from around the world to share stories through video

35. Chapter 9 35 Multimedia for the Web Avid Xpress Avid Xpress: Complete video-editing system with a full set of high- performance built-in features for: –editing video –managing audio –creating real-time effects and titles –adding graphics –compositing

36. Chapter 9 36 Multimedia for the Web Avid Xpress Avid Media Composer family is the worldwide standard for editing video, primarily for television and film, but also for the Web

37. Chapter 9 37 Multimedia for the Web Windows Movie Maker Windows Movie Maker can be downloaded for free from Microsoft This video editing program is easy to use, yet provides many powerful capabilities that enable you to capture and edit video footage

38. Chapter 9 38 Multimedia for the Web ASF (Advanced Streaming Format) –Stores audio and video information; specially designed to run on networks –Content is delivered to you as continuous flow of data; you experience little wait time before playback begins Discover Digital File Formats and Codecs for the Web

39. Chapter 9 39 Multimedia for the Web AVI (Audio Video Interleave) –Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF) file; Microsoft standard –Other players, including QuickTime, will also play.avi files, making this format acceptable for delivering Web video Discover Digital File Formats and Codecs for the Web

40. Chapter 9 40 Multimedia for the Web MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group) –Developed to provide a format for delivering digital media to consumers –MPEG-4 is the global multimedia standard, delivering professional-quality audio and video streams over a wide range of bandwidths, from cell phone to broadband and beyond Discover Digital File Formats and Codecs for the Web

41. Chapter 9 41 Multimedia for the Web MOV (QuickTime) –Developed by Apple, is among the most convenient and powerful formats for storing common digital media types –Works on any computing platform; good option for distributing video on the Web –Requires a plug-in or player Discover Digital File Formats and Codecs for the Web

42. Chapter 9 42 Multimedia for the Web RM (RealMedia) –Leader in streaming media technologies –Requires a plug-in or player to be heard WMV (Windows Media File with Audio and/or Video) –Proprietary to the Windows operating system; used by Windows MovieMaker Discover Digital File Formats and Codecs for the Web

43. Chapter 9 43 Multimedia for the Web Digital video files are huge Data Transfer Rate (dtr): The time it takes for the video to be transferred from the processor and displayed on the monitor Codecs: Compression/decompression algorithms used to compress data Discover Digital File Formats and Codecs for the Web

44. Chapter 9 44 Multimedia for the Web Animation codec: Developed to compress and play QuickTime animated movies Apple Cinepak: Compression scheme that works well for CD-ROM video delivery, acceptable for Web delivery as well because it is cross-platform Codecs

45. Chapter 9 45 Multimedia for the Web Indeo: Intel’s compression scheme MPEG looks for changes in the image from frame to frame Sorenson codec: Useful for compressing 24-bit video intended for CD or the Web Codecs

46. Chapter 9 46 Multimedia for the Web DVI (digital video interleave): Intel’s proprietary compression technology On the Web, video will most often be displayed using one of three players: –Windows Media Player –QuickTime Player –RealPlayer Codecs

47. Chapter 9 47 Multimedia for the Web Discuss the Use of Video on the Web Analog Video Digital Video Frame Rate Resolution Summary

48. Chapter 9 48 Multimedia for the Web Video Sources Pre-Production Production Post-Production Explore Video Editing Software Discover Digital File Formats and Codecs for the Web Summary