1. The Reproductive System
Make gametes – egg & sperm
Deliver sperm
Place for gametes to meet - fertilization
Place for the embryo/fetus to grow
Way to get out – delivery
Way to feed the newborn

3. (urogenital diaphragm)
Pelvic diaphragm
(urogenital diaphragm)
Levator ani
coccygeus
piriformis

4. Episiotomy
Perineum

5. Gynecomastia: abnormally large breasts in male, hormonal imbalances

6. Fig. 26.23(TE Art) Glandular tissue – glands & ducts
Superficial fascia
Suspensory
ligaments
Areola
Nipple
Pectoralis
major muscle
Deep fascia
Lactiferous
duct
Glandular tissue – glands & ducts
Connective tissue – ligaments
Adipose tissue

7. Axillary tail
Retromammary space

9. Breast Cancer
Breast cancer is the #1 (maybe #2 now) cause of death of women between the ages of 35-54
1.5% of breast cancer incidence and mortality occur in men (1300 cases, 400 deaths per year)
Women in the US have a 1 in 8 lifetime risk of developing breast cancer
Age 20: 1 in 2,187
Age 30: 1 in 258
Age 40: 1 in 67 (start having yearly mammograms)
Age 50: 1 in 38

10. Uterine tube
ovary
peritoneum
uterus
Cervix of uterus
vagina
bladder & urethra
Labia minora
Labia majora
clitoris
Recto-uterine pouch
Vesico-uterine pouch

11. infundibulum
isthmus
Uterine tube
ampulla
ovary
fimbriae
Broad ligament
cervix
vagina

12. Ovarian ligament
medulla
cortex
Suspensory
ligament
Fimbriae of uterine tube
Tunica albuginea
Birth: 2 million primary oocytes
Puberty: 400,000

13. ampulla
isthmus
infundibulum
Fimbriae
Tubal ligation

14. fundus Body endometrium Myometrium perimetrium cervix Cervical canal
(smooth mm)
perimetrium
cervix
Cervical canal
Cervical glands

15. Endometrium
Stratum functionalis
Stratum basalis
myometrium

17. Uterine ligaments Suspensory ligament Broad ligament Round ligament
Cardinal ligament
Uterosacral ligament
Rectouterine pouch
Vesicouterine pouch
Ectopic pregnancy

18. mesosalpinx
mesovarium
mesosalpinx
mesovarium
Broad ligament

19. TDF
No TDF
glans
glans
CC & CS
Labia minora
scrotum
Labia majora

20. Mons pubis
clitoris
Labia majora
Urethra orifice
Vestibule
Labia minora
Vaginal orifice
glans
clitoris
crus
Paraurethral gland
Vestibular bulb
Greater vestibular gland

21. Pelvic diaphragm
Testes, scrotum, penis
Ductus (vas) deferens
Urethra (prostatic, membranous, spongy)
Parietal peritoneum
Bladder, rectum
Prostate gland

22. Tunica vaginalis (parietal & visceral layers)
Spermatic cord
ductus deferens
blood vessels
Pampiniform plexus
nerves
Ductus deferens
epididymis
Rete testes
Efferent
ductule
Semitubes – spermatogenesis – ahead one slide – then back
Tunica vaginalis (parietal & visceral layers)
Seminiferous tubules (spermatogenesis)
Tunica albuginea
Pathway of sperm

23. Interstitial (Leydig) cell
hypothalamus
Pituitary gland
FSH & LH
Test.
Interstitial (Leydig) cell
Secrete testosterone
Sustentacular (Sertoli) cell: bind testosterone
Blood – testes barrier

24. Layers of scrotum 3 ways to keep sperm at right temperature
Superficial
Inguinal ring
External spermatic fascia
(internal spermatic fascia)
Cremaster muscle
Pampiniform plexus
Tunica vaginalis
Testes
Covered with TA
Median septum
of scrotum
Dartos muscle
3 ways to keep sperm at right temperature

25. Removed skin and fat (scrotum)
Inguinal canal

26. Spermatic cord covered with spermatic fascia (external, cremaster mm, internal)
Testes covered with tunica albuginea (tunica vaginalis removed)

28. cryptorchidism

29. Sperm Facts It takes 74 days for sperm to mature
Young men make 300,000 sperm/minute
or 400 million/day
Avg. sperm count million sperm/mL
Lower than million/mL = infertility
Sperm count has dropped over last 60 years
avg. 113 million/mL in 1940
avg. 66 million/mL today
semen volume has decreased as well

30. Testicular cancer
cancer of the testes
most common in males age 15-35
abnormal mass in testes
good survival rate if found early – orchiotomy
Lance Armstrong
1996 – diagnosed with testicular cancer
metastasized to lungs & brain
1997 – clean bill of health
1999 – won 1st Tour de France

31. vasectomy

32. 60% of semen
fructose, fibrinogen & PG’s
Seminal vesicle
Prostate gland
30% of semen
base, clotting enzymes &
fibrinolysin
Bulbourethral
gland
base & lubricant
Dorsal view

33. Internal urethral sphincter
Prostatic
utricle
Ejc. ducts
Spongy urethra
Bulbourethral
glands
Ejaculatory ducts
Prostatic urethra
Membranous urethra
Pelvic diaphragm
External urethral sphincter

34. Dorsal vein
Dorsal artery
& nerve
Corpus
spongiosum
C.C
C.S
Corpus
cavernosum
prepuce
glans
Urethral orifice
circumcision

36. Parasympathetic NS: vasodilation
Sympathetic NS: peristalsis, sphincter closure &
muscle contraction (200 inches/sec)

37. Parasympathetic nerves
Nitric oxide
cGMP
Dilate vessels + -
Viagra
Alcohol
Drugs
Antidepressants
Appetite suppressors
Vascular problems
Diabetes
Stress