1. THE NEXT BIG REVOLUTION
NANOTECHNOLOGY:
THE NEXT BIG REVOLUTION
Dr. Albert Lozano
Program Head
Nanotechnology Program
Commonwealth College
The Pennsylvania State University

2. WHAT IS NANOTECHNOLOGY?
Building very small structures
namometer scale (nm)
Human hair: 50,000 nm across
Bacteria: About 200 nm across
10 Hydrogen atoms lined up: 10 nm
Unaid human vision: 10,000 nm
Nanotechnology: Build structures 1 to 100 nm

3. WHY NANOTECHNOLOGY?
Use atomic properties of materials
Less is more in medicine
Increase power of computer chips
Sensors responding to lower concentrations
Stain-resistant clothing
Bathroom coating: self-cleaning !!!
New applications being implemented
almost daily (
Integrate biology, chemistry, eng…

4. NANOTECHNOLOGY in the US
Jan 2000: President Clinton developed the National Nanotechnology Initiative: $227 M increase funding
Dec. 3, 2003: President Bush signed 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and Development Act
$ 3.7 Billion over 4 years
NNI: One of the few Clinton-era programs strongly backed by Bush Administration
Bipartisan support: Senator Joseph Lieberman and former Speaker-of-the-House Newt Gingrich

5. BECOMING INVOLVED IN NANOTECHNOLOGY
Ph.D Research &
MS Development
BS Current applications
AAS Support
Educational
Opportunities at
all levels within
Penn State

6. CAREERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY
Education and academia
Agriculture
Food and beverage industries
Environmental monitoring
Communications and media
Aerospace
Electronics
Information technology
Many new industries the are emerging as a result of advances in nanotech

7. Applications Biotechnology
Microarrays – gene expression studies
DNA sequencing through micropores (sequence the entire human genome in 2 hr instead of 3 years).
Medicine
Personalized medicine
Microfluidics (a miniaturized laboratory)
Synthesis of extremely small probes that can examine individual strands of DNA for disease detection.
Man-made capillary systems to bring nutrients to artificial organs.

8. Applications Engineering
Manufacturing extrenely strong fibers atom by atom
Very small valves
Aerospace engineering
Homeland Security
Nanostructures as incredibly sensitive chemical and biological substance detectors (nanosensors)
Information technology

9. Applications Engineering
Current advances in semiconductor electronics come through nanoelectronics
state-of-the-art conventional transistor is now only about 100 nm in length
Everyday life
Flat, picture-like televisions and computer screens
Pollution detectors
Food bacteria detection
Textiles
Automotive / Transportation

10. PENN STATE - COMMONWEALTH COLLEGE
APPROACH TO NANOTECHNOLOGY
Associate of Applied Science Degree
In Nanofabrication Manufacturing Technology
Engineering Technology Option
Science Option
Currently developing a Baccalaureate Degree
Seamless transition for AAS graduates
3 Semesters Home Campus
(WB, FY, HZ, MK, YK)
1 Semester Nanofabrication Facility (UP)

11. PENN STATE – COMMONWEALTH COLLEGE 3 semesters Home Campus
Develop skills to work in clean room facilities
Electronics, Science, Math skills
Plus PSU General Education requirements
1 semester at University Park Campus
at Nanofabrication Facility
$32 million dollar, state-of-the-art laboratory
Hands-on experience all semester
Work with industry equipment  Productive
University Park residential living

12. Capstone Semester at University Park
PENN STATE – COMMONWEALTH COLLEGE
2NMT / ET Option
1st Semester
2nd Semester
Engineering Design and Graphics
Electrical Circuits with Lab
English Composition
Art, Humanities, Social Sci. Electives
Technical Math I
Digital Electronics with Lab
Technical Math II
Physics I
Electrical Circuits II with Lab
3rd Semester
4th Semester
Chemical Principles with Lab
Introduction to Nanotechnology
Intro. to Quality Control for Nanotech
Effective Speech Communication
Elementary Statistics
Art, Humanities, Social Sci. Electives
Capstone Semester at University Park
18 credits

13. Capstone Semester at University Park
PENN STATE – COMMONWEALTH COLLEGE
2NMT / Science Option
1st Semester
2nd Semester
Freshman Biology or Human Physiology
Electrical Circuits with Lab
English Composition
Art, Humanities, Social Sci. Electives
Basic Programming
Algebra – Trigonometry or Calculus
Physics I
Intro to Nanofabrication Technology
3rd Semester
4th Semester
Inorganic Chemistry with Lab
Physics II
Effective Speech Communication
Elementary Statistics
Technical Elective
Capstone Semester at University Park
18 credits

14. Introduction to Nanotechnology Quality Control and Quality Assurance
1 credit
Taught at local campus
Intro to modern statistical quality control methods used by industry.
Recommended by Technical Advisory Committee
Topics include:
Q.C. concepts, principles, procedures, statistical tools,
Statistical control of nanofabrication manufacturing and production processes and systems.

15. Introduction to Nanofabrication Manufacturing Technology
Three credits
Taught at local campus
Gives an overview of atomic physics and the use of atoms to build devices and machines
Topics include:
Atoms
Semiconductors
Transistors
Integrated circuits
Basic Nanofabrication Processes
The Nanotech industry

16. NANOFABRICATION FACILITY
$32 million, state-of-the-art facility
Professional engineering staff
Class Ten Cleanrooms
Broad spectrum of equipment
Shared by educational institutions across the Commonwealth
Three capstone semesters each year
Facility available to industry.

17. NANOFABRICATION FACILITY
Electron beam lithography and optical lithography
Plasma etching tools
Plasma deposition tools
Physical vapor deposition equipment
Chemical vapor deposition equipment
Ion implanter

18. Capstone Courses
Materials, Safety, and Equipment Overview for Nanofabrication
Basic Nanofabrication Processes
Thin Films in Nanofabrication
Advanced Lithography and Patterning Techniques
Materials Modification in Nanofabrication
Characterization, Packaging, and Testing of Nanofabricated Structures

19. PENN STATE COMMONWEALTH COLLEGE: FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Development of a BS in Science with a Nanoscience option (Fall 2005)
Nanotechnology EXPO
High school counselors, science teachers and students
Technical advisory committee at each campus
Nanoscience 001-natural science elective for all students
Nanotechnology module for first year Engineering Design and Graphics (EDG 100) course

20. The next Industrial Revolution
JOB MARKET IN NANOTECHNOLOGY
The next Industrial Revolution
Media reports to sense National Interest
AAS Graduates ranging $35k - $46k
Only area other than homeland security that
experienced increased growth in federal spending
Private sector spent $2 billion in 2002
Opportunities for dual degrees:
2EET and 2NMT in 5 semesters

21. PROFESSIONAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR 2NMT GRADUATES
(where are the jobs?)
Pharmaceuticals
Biomedical
Micro-electromechanical devices (MEMs)
Opto-electronics (fiber-optic communications)
Sensors
Power electronics
Microelectronics (chips)
… and many more to come!

22. PROFESSIONAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR 2NMT GRADUATES
(where are the jobs?)
Pennsylvania nanofabrication workforce development program
Workforce development program is the Pennsylvania Nanofabrication Manufacturing Technology (NMT) Partnership
Two-year degree graduates of the “capstone experience” are receiving salary offers in the $30,000 - $52,000 range
Baccalaureate graduates have starting salaries averaging $62,000

23. Thank you !