1. “All the Market Will Bear” Monopolies, Wobblies & War

2. Monopoly™ – A Basic Glossary b Robber Barons b Graft b Kickbacks b Trusts b Union-busting StrikebreakingStrikebreaking b Tammany Hall Boss TweedBoss Tweed b Bull Moose b Socialism b Organizing b Molly Maguires b Wobblies b Communism b Anarchism b Populism b Jim Crow b Tenements

3. 1865-1900: Industrial Expansion & National Development b “Loan from Bill Gates saves US government from bankruptcy” (?) b Opening of West draws “men of unlimited capital” b Railroads, land, mining, oil, steel, armaments b Effect of $$$ on politics b Dodging taxes with “trusts” b “tramps & millionaires”

4. Price-Fixing: Business as Usual? b Consolidation of railroads under banker J.P. Morgan (1837-1913) b... of steelmaking under Scotch immigrant Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919) b... of oil extraction & refining under John D. Rockefeller (1839-1937) (“Esso”) b Charged “all market would bear” b Hated & feared by “ordinary” Americans b Compare to __________ in 2002

5. Labor Unions Legitimate Association or Communist Conspiracies?  Worker safety unknown – child labor common  Immigration kept wages low, race tension high  Strikes broken by hired guards, “scabs,” and sometimes state militias & U.S. Army  “national security” (& 14 th Amendment?)  Morgan, Carnegie & Co.’s friends in high places  Owners played on fears of Bolshevism – called labor organizing communistic & “Un-American”  Some labor organizations genuinely radical, violent, e.g. Molly Maguires, anarchists  Others like IWW, Knights of Labor, so tainted

6. Urban Working Class Meets Downtrodden Farmers  Farm Belt revolts – old Anti-Fed agrarian tensions surface again  The Grange movement  At first, a Producers’ union of black & white farmers  Populist Party – working-class embraces Marxism?  Never succeeded on national level  Huey Long, the “Kingfish” (Louisiana governor 1928-32)  Urban workers & immigrants part of Democratic machine, traditional labor vote  William Jennings “Cross of Gold” Bryan vs. William McKinley (1896 Presidential election)

7. “Honest Graft” – Think Locally b Thomas Nast cartoon attacking Boss Tweed (c. 1870) b Tammany Hall b New York City political machine b As openly corrupt as it ever got in the US b Tweed dies in jail Only one convicted

8. Plenty of money to be made Supplying the Army with its tools of trade – Country Joe McDonald (1960s) b War good for politics, good for business b “A splendid little war” against Spain Then against the Filipinos, then the ColumbiansThen against the Filipinos, then the Columbians b TR, war hero, “Rough Rider,” “Bull Moose” Took own correspondents alongTook own correspondents along Rode against the “dagos” and the meatpackersRode against the “dagos” and the meatpackers b Child of privilege, but... Irony – had power to bust trustsIrony – had power to bust trusts First govt. regulation of food industryFirst govt. regulation of food industry b First “Progressive” (“centrist”) Republican? Compare to John McCainCompare to John McCain