1. The Prehistoric Aegean Terminology & Chronology

2. archaeological vs. political Near East Anatolia Mesopotamia Levant Middle East Turkey Iraq & Eastern Syria Israel, Jordan, (Palestine) Syria & Lebanon

3. Middle/Near East

4. Stone Age OldPalaeolithic25,000-8,300bc Middle Mesolithic8,300-6,500bc NewNeolithic6,500-3,100bc

5. Bronze Age Arthur Evans, Knossos, 1921-1935 Tripartite division of Bronze Age Early Bronze AgeEBA Middle Bronze AgeMBA Late Bronze AgeLBA Cp. Old, Middle, New Kingdom in Egypt

6. Greece

7. Regional Bronze Age Nomenclature CreteMinoan (Minos - mythical king) CycladesCycladic (Aegean island chain) Mainland Helladic (Hellas = Greece) EarlyEBAEMECEH(3100-2000) Middle MBAMMMCMH(2000-1650) LateLBALMLCLH(1600-1050)

8. Alternative Minoan Chronology (Palaces of Knossos, Phaistos, Mallia & Zakro) Pre-palatial EM I - MM IA (ca. 3100/3000-1925/1900 B.C.) Protopalatial (Old Palace) MM IB - MM IIB (ca. 1925/1900-1750/1720 B.C.) Neopalatial (New Palace) MM IIIA - LM IB (ca. 1750/1720-1490/1470 B.C.) Post-palatial LM IIIA-C (ca. 1490/1470-1075/1050 B.C.)

9. Greece

10. Prehistory vs. history Palaeolithic Mesolithic Neolithic Bronze Age Dark/Iron Age Archaic Classical Hellenistic Roman Byzantine

11. The Peoples Greeks, Mycenaeans, Danaans, Argives, Achaeans Trojans, Dardans Trojan Allies: Zeleians, Paeonians, Ciconians, Thracians, Phrygians, Mysians, Maeonians, Carians, Lycians, Pelasgians, Paphlagonians

12. Hittite Empire Cuneiform script & Luwian Hieroglyphics adapted for Hittite language Wilusa, Ilios, Ilium Taruisa,Tarwiza, Troy Ahhiya(wa), Achaea

13. Hittite Evidence… Troy, Ilium, & Achaea real places! Homeric World gains credibility So what do we know about Greek Prehistory from Archaeological Evidence?

14. Beginning of Bronze Age in Greece Agricultural population Metal-working from Anatolia? Fast-spinning potter’s wheel

15. Early Helladic Sites: Lerna & Tsoungiza

16. Tsoungiza: House A Wall 1.1m thick Why so thick? Room 0.9m wide Why so wide?

17. House A Reconstruction 1 Room 0.9m wide

18. Corridor Houses of EHII

19. House of Tiles Distribution Same dimensions, different sizes Shared Culture? Organized Relationships?

20. EHII Architecture Common Design Megaron style

21. EH Agriculture EHII figurine Domestic animals

22. Complex Culture: fine pottery & quality metalwork

23. EHII Sealings from Lerna’s House of Tiles Personal Property Social Hierarchy Trade

24. Massive fortification walls at EHII Lerna, Jutting Towers Approaches force exposure of weapon side - conscious of serious threat?

25. Lerna Fortifications

26. Invasion? EHII destructions widespread, coupled with major cultural changes Switch from orthogonal corridor houses to mostly apsidal houses in EHIII Disappearance of popular EHII pottery shapes Collapse of complex society Depopulation of surrounding areas

27. EHIII Apsidal House

28. EHII Sauceboats disappear

29. New Pottery Types: Pattern-painted, heavy dark-burnished

30. ???????? Who are these people? Where do they come from?