1. 1 Ubiquitous GIS Part I: Basic Concepts of Ubiquitous GIS Fall 2007 Ki-Joune Li http://isel.cs.pnu.edu/~lik Pusan National University

2. STEMPNU 2 Plan Part I: Basic Concepts of Ubiquitous GIS Part II: Geographic Context-Awareness Part III: Implementation Issues of Ubiquitous GIS Part IV: Standardization Issues

3. STEMPNU 3 Part I: Basic Concepts of Ubiquitous GIS Ubiquitous Computing and Geographic Information Systems

4. STEMPNU 4 Cyber Space vs. Ubiquitous Space VS.

5. STEMPNU 5 Internet Space and Virtual Reality Internet Space Real World user Gates to Dive into Internet Space

6. STEMPNU 6 Ubiquitous Space and Augmented Reality Cyber Space Real World user Ubiquitous Space Augmented Reality Bridge to connect Cyber space and real world

7. STEMPNU 7 Augmented Reality ?

8. STEMPNU 8 Example of Augmented Reality: Primitive One [Bauhaus Institute]

9. STEMPNU 9 Example of Augmented Reality: Overlapping Two Realities [INRIA] [Univ. Rochester]

10. STEMPNU 10 Example of Augmented Reality: Pedestrian Information

11. STEMPNU 11 Example of Augmented Reality

12. STEMPNU 12 Example: Scenario Detection by Sensor Retrieve Context Information Provide Augmented Reality

13. STEMPNU 13 Real World Context Awareness Device Augmented RealityInteraction with the real world is substantial Context-Awareness A Keyword of Ubiquitous Computing

14. STEMPNU 14 Location Awareness in Ubiquitous Computing Node Where am I ? Who are around me ? Where will I be ? Who will be around me ? My location and Nodes to collaborate with me Location: A privileged data in UC

15. STEMPNU 15 Is location-awareness enough ? Nothing but a game !! We need a map ! What can we do with this compass ? Location-Awareness Map: Geographic Context

16. STEMPNU 16 Context-Awareness Context Internal Context Static Context (Information-Driven) Dynamic Context (Sensor-Driven)

17. STEMPNU 17 Indoor Space Road Network Space Euclidean Space Spatial Context-Awareness (Geographic Awareness) Spatial Context My Status + Location, Speed, Orientation Geographic Information Static Context Geo-Sensor Dynamic Context Internal Context Seamless Space

18. STEMPNU 18 Issues in Ubiquitous Computing Tiny System Small Size Memory Small CPU Energy Problem Communication Limited Bandwidth Limited Mobility Small Screen Scalability Heterogeneity Platform Contents Large number of mobile devices

19. STEMPNU 19 Communication Infrastructure Wireless Communication : Fundamental Requirement NOT Only ONE Communication : Convergence of Communication CDMA : Currently Available WiBro (Wireless Broadband) : Between CDMA and WLAN WLAN : High Speed, but Limited Area DMB : Broadcasting, One Way Communication MANET (Mobile Ad-Hoc Network) : Without Network Infrastructure Bluetooth : High Speed, but Very Limited Area

20. STEMPNU 20 Requirements Communication Infrastructure Mobility : WLAN (very limited), CDMA (>250 Km/h), WiBro (>60 Km/h ?) Bandwidth : Very Large Number of Messages due to Massive Parallelism WLAN (>1 Mbps), CDMA(  100Kbps), WiBro (  1Mbps) Bandwidth : Very Large Number of Messages due to Massive Parallelism WLAN (>1 Mbps), CDMA(  100Kbps), WiBro (  1Mbps) IPv6 and Ad-Hoc Network Cheap Price Security Coverage : WLAN (100m), CDMA (1~3Km), WiBro(1Km) Covergence

21. STEMPNU 21 But Not Like This !

22. STEMPNU 22 Summary: Part I Ubiquitous Computing Environment  Augmented Reality  Context-Awareness Context-Awareness  Location-Awareness  Geographic (Spatial) Awareness Issues for Ubiquitous Computing