1. by Prof. Lydia Ayers

2. Objectives Make a drum using various found materials, such as water bottles and balloons Make a shaker Practice Rhythms

3. Drum Elements Body –Shallow – frame drum –Deep – barrel drum Membrane –Single –Double Attachment Decoration cardboard drums

4. Drum Examples balloon drums packing tape drumhand drums

5. Drum Examples coffee cuica (friction drum from Brazil) water drum (water inside the drum changes its tone) (Native American)

6. Pow Wow Drum (Native American)

7. Sources of Drum Bodies Plastic bottles Tin cans Cookie tins Flower pots Wooden kegs Round cardboard containers Pots, pans, salad bowls or other stuff from the kitchen

8. Sources of Drumheads Broken drumheads from music stores Paper –2 thicknesses of wrapping paper glued together –Cardboard –Heavy wrapping paper with cheesecloth attached over it with shellac –Patapar cooking paper (available at department stores and used in cooking?) Cloth –Canvas, heavy duck, canvas substitutes –Leather, fake leather (a heavy plastic) –Heavy linen Plastic bags Rubber inner tubes (from tires) Balloons

9. Make a Drum Using a Water Bottle Cut the flat end off the water bottle The drum head should use a material that doesn’t break too easily so you can hit it without destroying the drum Test the material you want to use for the drum head by stretching it tightly over the open end of the bottle and hitting it – pull it a little tighter if you don’t get a good sound at first –Balloon –Piece of heavy plastic Carefully cut a round drum head and make the circle a little larger than the opening in the bottle Carefully glue the drum head tightly to the body of the drum and wait for the glue to dry before you hit the drum –The drum head should be pretty tight to get a good sound To make a double-headed drum you can cut off the other end of the water bottle and put a drum head on it

10. Shakers Make a shaker by putting some beans or rice in a small water bottle double-sided drums with external rattles

11. Practice Rhythms Practice rhythms using your drums and shakers Low tone is in the middle of the drum High tone is on the edge of the drum