1. BLOOD GLUCOSE MONITORING Center For Diabetes Education at Tulsa Regional Medical Center

2. Target Blood Sugar Ranges Fasting: 90-130 mg/dl Before meals: 90-130 mg/dl Two hours after meals: Less than 180 mg/dl Bed time: Less than 150 mg/dl

3. Target Ranges Keeping your blood sugar in range will lower your risk of complications Blindness Heart disease Kidney problems Sexual dysfunction Nerve damage

4. Prevention of Complications Glucose control Blood pressure control Blood lipid control Preventive care practices for eyes, kidneys and feet Smoking cessation

5. Why Check Your Blood Sugar? Checking your blood sugar every day can help you learn how well your medication is working how different foods affect your blood sugar how exercise affects you blood sugar why you are having highs and lows

6. Frequency and Timing of Monitoring Pills 1 or 2 times a day Variety of times Fasting Before meals 2 hours after meals Bedtime

7. Frequency and Timing of Monitoring Insulin 3 or more times a day Fasting Before meals 2 hours after meals Bedtime

8. Remember….. Check blood sugar when you suspect a low!

9. Hypoglycemia Blood sugar less than 70 Symptoms include –shaking –sweating –nervousness –feeling irritable –blurry vision or headache –feeling tired –no symptoms

10. Treatment of Hypoglycemia Have one portion of fast-acting sugar –4 oz fruit juice –3 glucose tablets or 1 tube glucose gel –1 tablespoon honey or sugar Wait 15 minutes. Recheck blood sugar. If blood sugar is still less than 70 repeat. If blood sugar is above 70 eat a snack or meal within 1 hour.

11. What Makes Blood Sugars Go Up? Food Not enough diabetes pills/insulin Certain medicines Infection/sickness Surgery Stress Menstrual period

12. What Makes Blood Sugars Go Down? Diabetes pills Insulin Exercise

13. What Can You Do to Control Your Blood Sugar? Check your blood sugar regularly and write the numbers down! Walk every day for at least 30 minutes. Eat smaller portions of everything, except vegetables! (Not potatoes, corn, peas, beans). Eat at least 3 meals per day. Show your logbook to your doctor and discuss any patterns or problems.