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Beginnings of German History 800, Karl der Grosse (Charlemagne), emperor in Aachen Feudal system within a large number of principalities No centralization (compared to France or England
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Middle Ages Reign of dynasties (Wittelsbacher, Hohenstaufen, Welfs etc.) with the support of knights and vassals (aristocracy a warrior class) Growth of towns, guilds, merchants Beginnings of Prussia in 1226 1348-50 Black Death
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Reformation Johannes Gutenberg (ca. 1400-1468) Martin Luther (1483-1546) Ca. 1500 Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (a patchwork of dynastic and ecclesiastical dynasties, governed by Karl V. of Spain and the Augsburg Fugger family) 1524-26 German peasants’ war
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1600s-1800s Thirty Years War (1618-1648) Rise of Prussia in 18 th century Ages of Absolutism, Enlightenment, and Industrialism 1806/1815 German Confederation 1848 German Revolution
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Germany/Germanies/Germany 1871 German Unification under Otto von Bismarck 1914-1918 World War I 1918-1933 Weimar Republic 1933-1945 Third Reich/National Socialism 1949-1989 East and West G. (BRD & DDR) 1989- Federal Republic of Germany
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